To the extent that equalization of opportunities for females and males requires socialization or re-socialization of massive numbers of people, the education system has a vital function in approaching the new ideal. Since the education system is explicitly designed to bring about behavioral and attitudinal change in young members of society, its…

One of 52 theoretical papers on school crime and its relation to poverty, this chapter, based on the findings of an indepth study of the social organization of the American high school, provides a new, school-specific way of examining the problem of school crime and violence. The study, which made use of field methodology, addressed two basic…

The paper describes the rationale and development of a social learning curriculum for secondary level educable mentally retarded (EMR) students. Chapter I provides an historical perspective with a review of research covering such areas as the effectiveness of vocational programs, the employment potential of the mentally retarded, and work…

A two-group independent design was employed to study the relationship between parental age and modeling effectiveness. Subjects were 50 mother-father-child triads. The child's baseline data was recorded on a task that involved constructing a specified geometric shape on a pegboard. Then the child was asked to construct another shape modeling his…

This paper is a report of a study which explores the relative contributions of norms, modeling, positive affect, and empathy to generalized reciprocity (prior help by one person leading to greater helpfulness by the recipient toward another person). Preschool children were randomly assigned to one of six groups and individually exposed to two…

The task group report presented in this publication is one of a series prepared by eminent psychologists who have served as consultants in the U.S. Office of Education-sponsored grant study to conduct a Critical Appraisal of the Personality-Emotions-Motivation Domain. In order to achieve the goal of identifying important problems and areas for new…

A significant linguistic shift in the United States is occurring in planned change in the language of sex roles, especially with reference to sexism in employment vocabulary and to gender-based distinctions in occupational designations. Social policy on labor utilization has become increasingly involved in neutering employment vocabulary regarding…

This paper discusses the need for innovative research paradigms in assessing the impact of television on children. Past research has shown that television, as part of a child's environment, can influence the social behavior of young children in positive and negative ways. It is suggested that researchers now study ways in which children's…

The purpose of this research is to determine if it is possible to build an inner-city community with socioeconomic and racial mix and have it work. The findings from a study carried out in the Near Southside Chicago community of South Commons, built in the late 50's are presented. Methodology included informal conversations, interviews with adult…

In an effort to test the effectiveness of verbal instruction in diminishing aggressive behavior, eight aggressive preschool children were individually instructed by their teacher on the harm that results from aggression, its lack of effects as an interpersonal strategy, and the benefits that result from prosocial alternatives. The eight subjects…

The Pendleton Project is a regional interdisciplinary project designed to deliver behavior treatment to children in trouble. The project provides both inpatient and outpatient services, and includes family counseling as well as support services. This document is the fifth operational report of the Project, and summarizes activities for the six…

Social psychological research in education has focused mainly on the investigation of those variables that may influence academic achievement. However, the school functions as an agent of socialization, and, therefore, it seems reasonable to suggest that social reactions should also be investigated as an outcome of the schooling process. The…

In light of the proliferation of interest in the areas of death, dying and death-related behavior this work examines two areas related to the socialization of death attitudes in the United States. First, an elaboration of Blauner's seminal work concerning death and social structure is performed. This analysis reveals a social system which has…

Expectancy estimates, performance scores, level of aspiration, and attribution scores were collected from 160 high school seniors. Performance involved a symbol coding test introduced as either a masculine or feminine task. Female expectancy estimates were lower than male on both tasks. Females expected to lose under direct competition,…

The purpose of this essay was to propose a new explanation of collective behavior and to hypothesize the role of communication in this process. Unlike previous theories, which rely on a group effect, this explanation is based on the behavior of individual members of the collectivity. Using the experimental finding of the "risky shift,"…