One of the most cited methodological issues is with the response format, which is traditionally a single-response Likert response format. Therefore, our study aims to elucidate and illustrate an alternative response format and analytic technique, Thurstonian item response theory (IRT), for analyzing data from surveys using an alternate response…

Background: "How do I perceive my own body?" is a central question during adolescence, which addresses the subjective assessment of body image, called Body Esteem. Although concern about body esteem increases during adolescence, there is a lack of psychometrically validated measures to assess it specifically among Spanish adolescents.…

The certainty of response index (CRI) measures respondents' confidence level when answering an item. In conjunction with the answers to the items, previous studies have used descriptive statistics and arbitrary thresholds to identify student knowledge profiles with the CRIs. Whereas this approach overlooked the measurement error of the observed…

Purpose: The importance of the affective domain in holistic human development, in particular empathy, is an increasing concern today especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was threefold: (1) to investigate the attitudes of school students toward competencies associated with human consciousness; (2) to validate the…

In recent years, research has focused on the factor structure of the Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES), and the significant effects of teachers' self-efficacy on both teachers' outcomes (teachers' performance, enjoyment of teaching, and commitment to teach), and students' outcomes (student learning achievements, motivation, and own sense of…

Research on interpersonal behaviour is becoming increasingly important in a variety of social contexts and cultures. In educational practice, its importance is based on interactions as the educational context, in which learning, value formation and meaningful activities take place. The aim of this was to adapt the Interpersonal Behaviours…

This study sought to develop the College Mental Health Scale (CMHS) as a screening instrument among Iranian college students. In total, the nationally representative sample (N = 74,571) was selected to match the Iranian college student population throughout the country. In the first study, a conceptual framework was developed and a pool of items…

General self-efficacy represents the global sense of personal capability across various situations and tasks. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate a single-item general self-efficacy scale which balances practical demands and psychometric concerns. The psychometric properties of the proposed Single-Item General Self-Efficacy…

Purpose: This study explores the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure--Revised (CYRM-R) in adolescent population. Method: A sample of 323 Iranian adolescents (12-18 years old) completed the CYRM-R, Resilient Scale (RS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and Mental Health Continuum Short Form…

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the educational landscape in a way unseen before. Educational institutions are navigating between offline and online learning worldwide. Computer-based testing is rapidly taking over paper-and-pencil testing as the dominant mode of assessment. In some settings, computer-based and…

In this study, the psychometric properties of the Classroom Observation of Engagement, Disrespectful and Disruptive Behavior (COEDD), a systematic direct observation coding protocol designed to assess common school-based behavioral targets, were examined. Interobserver agreement and criterion-related validity were evaluated in a sample of 155…

We investigated the ecological validity of performance measures from a computer-based assessment tool that utilises scripted video vignettes. The intended purpose of this tool is to assess the maintenance and repair skills of automotive technician apprentices, complementing traditional hands-on assessment formats from the German journeymen's…

School climate plays a critical role in student well-being, academic success, and behavioral outcomes, yet the length of existing school climate surveys limits their feasibility for frequent administration within intervention frameworks such as Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS) and Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS). The…

Smartphone addiction among adolescents has become a major concern. The present study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short Version (SAS-SV). A sample of 398 adolescents (52% girls and 48% boys) completed the SAS-SV, the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS), and the Young Internet…

Objective: To evaluate the measurement structure of the "Job Satisfaction of Persons with Disabilities Scale" (JSPDS) in a sample of employed U.S. Americans with disabilities. Design: A quantitative descriptive design using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and correlational analysis. Participants: Two hundred and fifty-nine individuals…