Barnes, an educator and textbook author, was a pioneer in the use of inquiry to teach secondary school history. Her work is criticized for the indoctrination it entailed and for its failure to encourage students to identify and examine the spiritual and political premises underlying the historical framework Barnes presented. (IAH)

Three experiments, involving five students (aged 13-20) with profound, multiple handicaps, showed that the students could effectively use microswitches to demonstrate toy preferences, to indicate preferences for social attention, and to make specific requests of educational staff in school and community settings. (Author/JDD)

Describes and comments on rationale for moral education under socialism in Soviet Union. Discusses current Soviet children's literature as attempt to systematize and coordinate moral education and political socialization in elementary and secondary schools. Cites evidence of reconstructionist ideology in curriculum and planned educational…

Discusses a proposed interconnectedness between the ecologies of ethnic minority families, adaptive strategies, socialization goals, and child development outcomes. (PCB)

Analyzed kindergarten report cards from Ohio public schools. Results indicated that there was an emphasis on academic skills and that kindergartners were expected to master skills in work habits and reading and math readiness. A behaviorist perspective was favored. (PCB)

College personnel professionals use a variety of strategies to recruit and retain minority group students. The following programs and approaches are described: (1) student monitoring; (2) faculty mentoring; (3) referral for tutoring and remediation; (4) encouragement of participation in minority student activities; (5) peer mentoring; (6) early…

Used path analytic techniques to analyze differential social control theory as predictor of drug use among fifth-eighth grade students (N=860). Found that peer non-use expectations had largest effect on drug use and were directly influenced by parental, peer, and school attachments. (Author/CM)

Summarizes a study using the Children's Scale of Social Attitudes to compare the factor structure of conservatism in seventh-grade Israeli children of Western ethnic origin with Israeli children from Eastern cultural backgrounds. Results indicated a marked similarity in factor structures reconfirming the universal nature of general conservatism…

Research with young Caucasian children found that, in response to unfamiliar situations, about 15 percent were consistently shy or inhibited, while another 15 percent were consistently sociable or uninhibited, and that these traits persisted through age eight. Both physiological and environmental factors were found to influence these temperamental…

Reviews the literature on secondary teachers' planning and decision making related to academic work in science, and on the socialization and professional development of beginning teachers. Suggests conditions for the professional success and continuing growth of beginning science teachers. (YP)

Essay on Indian leadership stresses the importance of rebuilding community through ceremonies, a return to traditional values, teaching children about their Indian heritage as well as preparing them to be competitive in the world market, being caretakers of the community, and "thinking community" in terms of restoring and revitalizing…

An analysis of 50 textbooks used in the elementary schools of the former Belgian Congo reveals an overt attempt to propagate colonial ideology. Fundamental themes included the legitimacy of the colonization, denigration of the indigenous culture, and establishment of colonial authority. Three books, however, resisted this indoctrination and one…

This study investigated the levels of moral reasoning, ego identity formation, and gender role socialization among 167 gifted and talented high school seniors. No significant gender differences were found, but different ethnic groups were more variable on the Defining Issues test than on other measures. Students in general endorsed either…

Elite secondary boarding schools educate and socialize students from socially elite backgrounds in ways that reflect the different characters of English and American society. Observations and interviews in 5 English and 12 American elite schools focused on leadership styles; discipline; curriculum; teaching style; and the structure of…

Data on 997 medical students' attitudes before and after a required 6-week clerkship in family medicine, compared with specialty match data, found that the clerkship had the effects of both value indoctrination and value clarification for students. This effect appeared to persist throughout the third and fourth years. (Author/MSE)