Peer relationships play an important role in socialization during childhood and young adolescence. Negative relationships may pose multiple difficulties for children related to their development that can have lifelong influences. Research indicates that the quality of peer relationships is associated with a variety of outcomes, such as social…

Racial socialization and ethnic identity are emerging, albeit atheoretical, constructs that have been argued to promote prosocial outcomes among ethnic minority youths. Using structural equation modeling, the author explored the influence of racial socialization and ethnic identity on school engagement in a sample of 131 African American youths.…

Many studies have reported gaps between Latino and non-Latino adolescents in academic and political outcomes. The current study presents possible explanations for such gaps, both at the individual and school level. Hierarchical linear modeling is employed to examine data from 2,811 American ninth graders (approximately 14 years of age) who had…

This paper reports on a study of one pre-service teacher's implementation of the sport education (SE) model in a post-primary school in Ireland. The study sought to identify and understand the mechanisms that facilitate or inhibit learning to teach the model from the perspective of a pre-service teacher. Occupational socialization was used to…

This curriculum guide shows how to develop a cooperative learning, interdisciplinary unit on self-esteem, coping skills, and healthy lifestyles. It offers teachers, using a team-teaching approach, instructions and activities for helping children to become successful in life. The emphasis is on cooperative learning methods. The matrix of lesson…

This study was conducted to examine how teachers develop their orientations to and strategies for addressing existing gender relations. Under investigation were the messages preservice teachers encountered in a Catholic Church-sponsored, State-regulated teacher education program in Bavaria, and the processes involved in students' political…

The chapters of this collection explore the experiences of black families in the United States and Africa, today and in the past. They are: (1) "African American Families: A Historical Note" (John Hope Franklin); (2) "African American Families and Family Values" (Niara Sudarkasa); (3) "Old-Time Religion: Benches Can't Say…

The impact of parents as socialization agents for the gender development of their children is controversial in the literature. This study tested the assumption that parental socialization influences found to be of importance for one kind of variation in gender development are not necessarily the same as those that are of relevance to explain…

An approach to increasing the knowledge of and skills in intercultural interactions for medical students and residents is described. For medical students, a lecture on cross-cultural concepts for health care is incorporated into the second-year psychiatry and behavioral medicine course. For residents, in this case international medical school…

Although many studies report on the parent/child bond and its negative correlation with substance use, few researchers have examined the interaction between the parent/child relationship and parent substance use to predict adolescent use. In this study, 763 adolescents, 11-15 years old, along with their parents and siblings, participated in a…

This paper discusses the socialization within the family and school in Jamaica and other Caribbean nations. It examines the characteristics of Caribbean families, citing the effects of high levels of poverty and teenage pregnancy on family life. Child rearing practices, especially among the lower-class, emphasize discipline, corporal punishment,…

This study examined the effect of family composition on high school graduation and level of completed education. It tests the hypotheses that children in single-mother households may be adversely affected in their educational attainment because of the economic deprivation common to such households, the stress caused by family separation, and…

This book examines the philosophical foundations of adult education (AE). The following topics are discussed: philosophy of AE (philosophy and action in theory and practice and philosophy for adult educators); liberal AE (historical development, liberal education and the educated person, broad scope, process, liberal education of adults, Great…

Since 1985, a group of scholars has formed the School Expansion Workshop to examine empirical evidence for causal theories of school expansion. This book contains a collection of articles that are the result of the workshop's annual meetings. Specifically, the book asks, What forces are driving the spread of mass schooling? The preface, by Bruce…

A discussion of teacher education for second-language teachers argues that this training has generally been based on two misguided premises: that teaching is the execution of activity in classrooms; and that it involves shaping that activity to reflect some broadly held perceptions of effective classroom pedagogy. Two alternatives are proposed:…