Sojourners, people who stay for a period of time in countries of which they are not natives, sometimes may encounter communication situations for which they are not prepared. A program seems necessary whereby people living in nonfamiliar cultures can learn to interpret cultural idiosyncrasies inherent in communication patterns and to function as…

This paper discusses a survey undertaken to determine how children of different sexes and of different religious/ethnic groups in the Middle East form political attitudes. In this survey, special emphasis was placed on the rate of development of the assumed political attitudes, the age and grade level of the emergence of clear political…

Two new scoring methods for the Nurses' Professional Orientation Scale (NPOS) were developed and tested to advance the assessment of professional socialization. These methods were based on: traditional versus nontraditional view of nursing (internal consistency of .81); and practicing nurses' view of nursing (internal consistency of .88). A total…

An overview is presented of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln's (UNL) Dean's Mainstreaming Project. The three-year project at UNL's Teachers College adopted an approach that integrates instruction and practicum experiences with handicapped students into the existing teacher education program. The project's major goal is to ensure consolidation of…

This guide, part of the Project BORN FREE training series for teachers, counselors, administrators, and parents, accompanies the videotape focused on an overview of Project BORN FREE, including the developmental themes of career expectation, socialization, choices, and changes. The videotape format presents individuals from different occupations,…

An investigation of interdisciplinary sources dealing with social values and the college curriculum reveals numerous examples of a "double-bind" situation, in which mutually contradictory signals are transmitted to the student. One example is the discrepancy between the stated purposes of the community college, as contained in its catalog and…

Sex differences in children's physical activity levels, and associations between girls' activity level, childrearing characteristics and parent-child play behavior were investigated in a quasi-naturalistic situation. As part of a longitudinal project, 144 third grade children were videotaped in a 1-hour play session with one of their parents. A…

This study investigated children's preference and comprehension responses to stories in which both male and female main characters were represented in traditional and nontraditional roles, and stories in which only the opposite sex main characters were portrayed in those roles. A total of 218 girls and 169 boys from grades five and six (all with…

Pressure from the mass media, parents, and peers often causes young girls to concentrate on their most external aspects at a time when the inner demand for self definition is equally important. In the struggle to receive attention from boys, many girls suppress their identities, fearful that if they allowed their true selves to emerge they would…

Sex typing among preschool children was investigated by means of a complete experimental design to test which factors maintain sex-typed behaviors, to test whether sex-typed behaviors are learned, and to reduce sex typing. The complete experimental design, it is maintained, allows investigators to focus on the consequences of sex typing rather…

This document discusses a study undertaken to analyze news media usage among 13- and 17-year-old students. Specifically, television, radio, and newspaper attention levels are assessed and interest in news topics are compared with topics of interest to teenagers during the Vietnam-Watergate era. The objective is to provide information on the impact…

THE SOCIALIZATION PROCESS OF NEGRO AND WHITE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WAS STUDIED. PRIMARY DATA WERE GATHERED FROM FIVE HIGH SCHOOLS LOCATED IN VARIOUS REGIONS OF THE UNITED STATES. THE SCHOOLS WERE SELECTED ACCORDING TO THEIR RACIAL COMPOSITION AND REGION, TWO IN THE SOUTH AND THREE IN THE NORTHEAST. SOUTHERN SCHOOLS HAD EXAMPLES OF ALL NEGRO AND ALL…

Research on role-model identification has demonstrated the powerful effect that models have on individuals' behavior. To extend prior research on this phenomenon, the role-model identifications of first-, third-, fifth-, and ninth-grade students were outlined and examined. The results did not support the hypothesis that adolescents identify with…

An exploratory pilot study to determine the personal characteristics of women community leaders and their position in the power structure was conducted in Chippewa and Eau Claire Counties, Wisconsin. The research design involved a comparison of three samples: the traditional power structure identified through reputational techniques; the active…

Curriculum developers have a responsibility to fully understand national goals and to translate them into educational programs that will equip citizens to realize these goals. This topic is discussed in this manual for a basic training course in systematic curriculum development, designed for students in developing nations. A brief description of…