Three examples are given of cases where differences between Spanish and English syntax and intonation patterns are taught best through direct translation. Grammatical difficulties caused by "gustar" are overcome through the use of translation using "appeal" rather than "please". Similarly, problems for native speakers of English arising with…

The recognition of the systematic nature of the interference of the mother tongue when learning a second language is among the most significant advances in linguistics for the teaching and learning of foreign languages. The work of Weinreich showed that interference between language systems--the absorption of loan words, calques, and phonological,…

Accepting the perfective aspect as the "marked" correlative of a true morphological correlation in the opposition of perfective:imperfective in Russian verb study, the author disregards non-systemic facts in order to concentrate on the aspect relations as they appear in "linear pairs". The author proceeds to describe the functions of the aspect…

The first part of this survey is an introduction to the development of the TESOL Organization (Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages) and its professional activities, such as teacher training and experimental work with teaching English as a second dialect. The second part is the 1967-68 international TESOL bibliography, which lists…

The course is directed to manual or machine shorthand students to aid in the further development of the ability to construct outlines under stress of dictation at 80 to 100 words a minute; to increase the student's ability in spelling, punctuation, and using proper grammar. Course content includes: (1) speedbuilding techniques, (2) drills, (3)…

This book focuses on the nature and development of knowledge concerning grammar and the meanings coded by grammar. This knowledge is inferred from performance, from sentences and the settings in which they are spoken, and from signs of comprehension or incomprehension of sentences by preschool children. The first two stages of linguistic…

Syntactic abilities in oral language of twenty normal and twenty dyslexic second grade boys were investigated. The major hypothesis was that dyslexic children with reading comprehension difficulties are deficient in oral syntax. The concept of syntax was subdivided into five categories: (1) recognition of melody pattern, (2) recognition of…

The data and observations offered here represent a model for the organization of relevant facts of Spanish and English for use in teaching English composition to bilingual Mexican-Americans. This approach, amplified to include material from many facets of the grammars of Spanish and English, can provide the basis for teaching English to bilinguals…

This paper summarizes a number of generalizations concerning the vowels used in a dialect of English spoken in northwest Arkansas. The generalizations are in the form of ordered rules in line with theories of generative grammar. The concept of an underlying system of diaphonemes is used, similar to that of Rudolph Troike. The primary focus is on…

This curriculum guide provides suggested learning activities for a sequential program in composition skills for grades K-12. The composition skills discussed are listed in developmental levels, not necessarily in terms of grade levels. It is recommended that the student become familiar with basic skills before progressing to the more complex ones.…

A survey of studies reported between November 1966 and November 1967 on how teachers behave while teaching transformational and structural linguistics to elementary school and preschool children is described. Only empirical studies of teacher behavior are reported. Studies primarily concerned with listening, children's literature, thought…

Current transformational linguistic theory holds that there are two levels of sentence structure, derived constituent or surface structure and underlying or deep structure. Both have been proposed as the memory representation of sentences, but recent evidence suggests that the latter is the more likely. However, two recent studies have directly…

In deciding what grammar should be taught, teachers of English as a second language can notice and record common errors (goofs) made by their students. It is possible to expose all types of goofs, state the rules to correct them, acquaint the teacher with the types of goofs made by persons from all over the world, and give them the grammar…

A TEXT IS PRESENTED FOR KITUBA, A TRADE LANGUAGE SPOKEN ALONG THE LOWER CONGO RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES. THE COURSE CONSISTS OF A PRIMER AND A FIVE SUBJECT-ORIENTED GROUP OF LESSONS. THE PRIMER INTRODUCES MAJOR GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES, DEVELOPS ADEQUATE PRONUNCIATION, AND PRESENTS USEFUL VOCABULARY FOR A VARIETY OF SITUATIONS. THE LESSON GROUPS…

This study investigated the effects of advance organizers on selected cognitive styles and structures within a programmed task of grammatical usage. More specifically, the immediate effects of advance organizers were assessed as they related to subjects' field dependency or independency and high or low levels of prior knowledge of general grammar…