This study investigated the use of reciprocal peer tutoring with six preschool children with disabilities. All six were given the opportunity to become both tutor and tutee. Improvements in tutoring were matched by increases in preacademic responses. Implications for training preschool students with disabilities to be both tutors and tutees are…

This review notes that more behavioral recovery is often seen following damage to the nervous system than should be possible from the limited capability of the nervous system for regeneration and reorganization. The review offers a framework for reconciling the effectiveness of early childhood intervention strategies and the conclusions of…

This article examines research methodology, dependent measures, and programmatic variables used to analyze the effects of preschool integration of children with disabilities. Analysis provides support for the benefits of preschool integration with respect to social and other behavioral outcomes, though not for developmental outcomes over time.…

This study examines the existence of Oedipal conflicts and the relationship of social and cognitive factors to Oedipal conflicts. Forty children of three to six years were studied and found to show Oedipal behaviors that varied with age and changes in the children's social and cognitive understanding. (SH)

Three preschool children exhibiting autistic behaviors were taught developmentally appropriate (DA) and age appropriate (AA) pretend play activities. Although DA activities were consistently acquired, activities in the AA category were, in most cases, not acquired and were less likely to be generalized to other activities or toys. (Author/JDD)

Discusses processes in the development of shared pretend representations: adoption of shared pretend focus; metacommunication defining the activity as pretend play; and communication within pretend play. Examines claims that children's play becomes intersubjective only after three years of age. Concludes that intersubjectivity in peer pretend play…

Secondary analyses indicated that maternal employment in children's first year had detrimental effects on cognitive and behavioral development. Grandmother care was beneficial for the cognitive development of children in poverty. For behavioral development, mother care was beneficial for boys and babysitter care for girls. (BC)

Analyzes multiple components of planning, including problem representation, goal selection, a decision to plan, strategy choice, strategy execution, and monitoring. Analyzes three tasks typically used to study planning: the Tower of Hanoi; errand scheduling; and story comprehension. Argues that the components required to perform a planning task…

Investigated continuities and discontinuities in the use of learning strategies by Western Australian preschoolers. A follow-up study was conducted a year later. Findings showed that children who were characterized by active strategic approaches to learning in preschool maintained these approaches in the first year of school. (SH)

Reports the third wave of a longitudinal study that followed 106 15-year-olds from their last compulsory year at school for 22 months. Study shows that this is a period of considerable flux in smoking behavior. Highlights the role of friendship groups and social contexts and suggests that smoking prevention programs should be developed to meet the…

Describes a schoolwide student management program (SSMP) which uses a team approach that is both preventive and remedial. The SSMP's central goal is to either ward off disruptive behavior or change such behavior. Outlines the program and presents SSMP's proactive component and response component. Discusses remediation and individual plans. (RJM)

Assessed, at 8-10 months, children's restraint and attention, and at 13-15 months, compliance to mother, internalization of her prohibition, and quality of motivation of the mother-child teaching context. Found support for view of compliance and noncompliance as heterogenous: committed compliance was higher to maternal "don'ts" than…

Examines how undergraduate students who became social justice allies during college understood their development. Results reveal that critical factors included pre-college egalitarian values, gaining information about social justice issues, engagement in meaning-making processes, developing confidence and the presentation of opportunities to act…

Examined the effectiveness of pre-bedtime massages for infants and toddlers with sleep onset problems. Found that, compared to bedtime stories, massages produced fewer sleep delays and a shortened latency to sleep onset. (Author/DLH)

Assessed mother-infant face-to-face play and infant difficult temperament at 3 and 9 months; assessed self-control, verbal IQ, and maternal warm discipline at 2 years. Found that maternal synchrony with infant affect at 3 months and mutual synchrony at 9 months were related to self-control at 2 years when temperament, IQ, and maternal style were…