Main article on a special topic: "The Means-Ends Problem of Education in the Humanities. See AA 502 149 and AA 502 150 for response articles.

The Task Force on Resource Allocation for Program Evaluation was established by Division H of the American Educational Research Association at the 1978 Annual Meeting in Toronto. This paper presents the recommendations of the Task Force concerning the allocation of resources for program evaluation. Program evaluation is needed to provide…

It is often suggested that measuring local fiscal ability by full valuation of property per public school pupil is inaccurate and inequitable. One substitute measure proposed is district income per pupil or a combination of district income and property value per pupil. However, using this measure would result in a rise in the aid ratios in only…

This guide to zero base budgeting (ZBB) offers information intended to be useful to those implementing this system in schools. Beginning with an explanation of zero base budgeting, the paper then enumerates the advantages of such a system. Zero base budgeting design is then explained as well as the assumptions that underlie the system. Suggested…

This paper, one of three related documents, explains a model for school finance in Michigan. First, it analyzes where school districts get their money and how they spend it. Next, it details a financial model that identifies the factors related to staff adequacy levels, estimates the strength of those factors, offers ideas for the components of a…

THE DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMUM DISTRIBUTION OF EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTS IS A CURRENT AND ACUTE PROBLEM. EXAMINATION OF SEVERAL INTERRELATED PROBLEMS OF UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN ORDER TO CONSIDER THEIR PROGRAMMATIC IMPLICATIONS LEADS TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF GENERAL AREAS FOR EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENT EXPENDITURES. THE AREA OF MOST PERVASIVE NEED IS THE…

THE ORIGIN AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRAM BUDGETING, WHICH IS CURRENTLY APPLIED TO ALL THE EXECUTIVE OFFICES AND AGENCIES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, IS TRACED. IT WAS RECOGNIZED AND APPLIED AS EARLY AS 1924 BY INDUSTRY, UTILIZED AS PART OF THE WARTIME CONTROL SYSTEM IN 1942, AND IS USED TODAY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE. THIS IS A…

This discussion explores children's understanding of the nature of distributive justice in classrooms and provides an initial model for further research. The issue of distributive justice arises in a situation when an individual assesses the fairness of the distribution of any limited resource, such as the physical, instructional and social…

Preparation and use of a written plan can increase the chance that people will do what has been planned using the ways selected and specified during the planning process. Program implementation plans should include the following elements: a review of product objectives and strategies; a statement of activities involved in meeting product…

The primary assumption behind the development of this guide is that program managers, faced with the responsibility of designing and planning an educational program, or modifying an existing resource system, might profit from a better understanding of the nature of needs assessment. The first section of this guide presents an overview of needs…

From the systems point of view, the objectives of higher education cannot be defined apart from the economic and social context in which the university operates. The report presents the results of a 4-year research project during which a mathematical model was developed to describe the way in which the university, as part of a socioeconomic…

This study examines a number of questions surrounding the distribution of Title I aid and state compensatory education aid. The extent to which the two types of aid are complementary and their effect on the equalizing thrust of the state general aid are also examined. There are four major states that are studied: Florida, New Jersey, New York, and…

The Florida Community College Inter-Institutional Research Council (IRC) has developed a computerized budget simulation model which can help administrators determine the general fiscal impact of alternate approaches to resource utilization. This model uses three basic systems and one generalized subroutine, based on the budget requirements of the…

The Illinois Board of Higher Education attempts to provide a statistical picture of the space that has been constructed for Illinois public higher education and the utilization of that space. And it attempts to identify and explain current issues facing Illinois public higher education related to capital improvements. Recommended guidelines for…

This bibliography is intended to inform administrators of the availability and wide scope of programming-planning-budgeting systems (PPBS) and their applications. The basic objectives of PPBS are: (1) to define jurisdictional objectives clearly and to relate them to defined needs and goals; (2) to stimulate the indepth analysis of all existing and…