Study designed to reveal some of the intermediate skills which might account for the superior academic performance of children who perceive their reinforcements in those situations as caused by their own behavior (internal control). (Authors)

Four hypotheses were derived from the proposition that positive self-concept is due partly to an ability to utilize self-initiated verbal reinforcement. (Authors)

Attempts to reevaluate the reliability characteristics of two scales used frequently in studies of children's locus of control; the Bialer scale and the Nowicki-Strickland scale. The study replicated and expanded upon earlier research by examining a wider range of grade levels and measures of children's locus of control expectancies. (Author/RH)

Compared the effects of assertiveness training, power-base training, and a discussion-control group on manifest and latent power dimensions in college women (N=39). Results suggest that direct behavioral training in assertive or power-based responses does not increase the latent power of women, but does increase manifest power. (Author/JAC)

In the analytic process, "beneficial uncertainty" is aroused to help the patient tolerate uncertainty in areas previously shut off in his/her search for identity. Through this process, the patient learns to accept responsibility for his/her actions and no longer blames others. (PP)

Used a simulated collective bargaining game characterized by interaction between bargaining teams to investigate effects of team locus of control on aspiration and bargaining outcomes. Results suggest the more internal a team's personal control beliefs, the more likely the team will not reach a negotiated settlement. (Author/JAC)

The Multidimensional-Multiattributional Causality Scale (MMCS) was administered to 74 academically gifted high school students. Data analysis supported the factorial validity of the MMCS. However, several limitations of the scale are discussed. (Author/PN)

Examined factors that freshman (N=161) used to explain their first-term performance and the relationship between these attributions and affect, expectancy, and future performance. Results showed that successful students rated most items higher than unsuccessful ones, and positive affective responses to achievement were associated with internal…

Hypothesized that a too early first birth has negative psychological consequences for the mother through a lowered sense of personal efficacy. Results indicated that having a first birth before age 19 reduces personal efficacy, regardless of original differences in personal efficacy, age, education, or parental socioeconomic status. (Author/RC)

Two experiments investigated the relationship between the magnitude of motivation for control over the environment and tendency to derogate victims. Manipulated situational controllability and uncontrollability within a learned helplessness procedure and assessed derogation of a victimized stranger. Results indicated that motivation and need for…

Identified criterion variables known to be related to educational-vocational indecision. Determined if unique relationships existed between factor structure on the Career Decision Scale (CDS) adapted for graduate students and the criterion variables. Results suggested that factor scores of the CDS measure essentially equivalent components of…

The health locus of control scale was used to compare mastectomy patients who received counseling to patients not receiving counseling. Posttreatment group means in the locus of control were accounted for by changes on the fate subscale. Validity of this scale for populations characterized by different health problems is discussed. (Author)

Experiments investigate hypothesis that vulnerable self-esteem internals and externals react more defensively to negative intellectual and personality feedback than congruent internals and externals. Suggested that consistently internal view of causation may increase stress in evaluative situations. Discusses implications for understanding…

Investigated the effects of a life-planning, career education seminar on the locus of control and career maturity of high school students. Results indicated that the educational approach used was able to positively influence the "work personality" of students. (Author/DB)