Equates academic grading and ranking in that the grading system establishes achievement standards. Explores the incompatibility of Individually Prescribed Instruction (IPI) and the letter grade system. Outlines the pressures applied to rank IPI students, explores time grading, considers IPI and motivation, and explains the important contribution…

With the growing number of counselors working outside of school settings, licensure of mental health counselors has become an important issue. A main problem facing counselors is the lack of a clear identity. Licensure would lead to increased professionalism and identification. Licensure is authorized by the state legislature, regulating the…

This article studies the employment rate of counselors without teaching experience as opposed to counselors with teaching experience and examines differences in their expressed counseling orientation. A questionnaire was mailed to currently-employed counselors, both former-teachers and non-teachers. Results indicate that teaching experience is not…

A principal who discusses his problems with his peers (which could lead to some new ideas), does some problemsolving exercises, and identifies some behavior patterns of individuals and groups on the job probably has gained more down-to-earth knowledge about the job than be did in his formal training preparatory to certification. (EA)

Cites the teacher certification requirements of states for aviation teachers as a way of assisting high school administrators and teachers in determining proper qualifications for teaching aviation courses. Special attention is directed to Colorado, Illinois, Kansas, Oregon, New Mexico and Texas for their reasonable but different approaches to…

This report reviews some of the efforts to license news reporters. The review summarizes court litigation concerning city and state legislation and federal efforts to screen or regulate the movements of journalists covering political news events. Highlighting the report are discussions of the United States Secret Service's role in issuing White…

These certification standards are based upon the Wisconsin Statutes and Administrative Code governing teacher preparation and certification. The requirements are state minimums, which colleges and universities may choose to exceed in preparing candidates to be recommended for licensure. Certification standards are subject to change. (MM)

The West Virginia Board of Education initiated an experimental program in 1958 for licensing graduates of regionally accredited colleges and universities who had not completed teacher education programs. This publication describes how West Virginia has utilized the National Teacher Examinations as a basis for professional licensure. (JD)

This study proposed a graduate curriculum for the preparation of community college chief administrators. The proposal was based on research findings obtained from four major sources: selected educational literature; descriptions of existing programs in selected colleges and universities; queries of board presidents of selected community colleges…

The present documents offers a 78-item annotated bibliography on the topic of nontraditional studies and special degree programs. The bibliography grew out of an interest in published materials on various ways of meeting the special learning needs of adults. Materials included are essays, speeches, magazine articles, and reports of persons who…

This paper, as the title suggests, presents a discussion of the dangers and possibilities of the external degree. There are 8 major dangers that widespread offering of external degrees might precipitate: (1) the deterioration of standards rather than quality education; (2) a proliferation of degrees that might debase the degree; (3) the use of the…

An editorial and condensed account of hearings and recommendations of the U.S. House of Representatives concerning "diploma mills" and mail-order degrees and credentials is given. (MSE)

A survey of registered nurses (RNs) in the Battle Creek, Michigan, area identified the barriers they faced in continuing their education. Barriers include (1) commuting distance, (2) work schedule, (3) finances, and (4) anxiety. Michigan State University's Lifelong Education program was designed to help nurses overcome these barriers. (CH)

In response to Bardon and Lambert, the author develops the topics of problem resolution, possible merger of professional organizations, and some chosen future for the field of school psychology. (JAZ)

The authors discuss quality assurance for the field of adult career counseling. Topics include (1) review and improvement of programs based on changing client patterns and needs, (2) appropriate referral for clients who need psychological counseling, (3) ethical standards and consumer guidelines, and (4) counselor competence and credentialing. (CH)