Research suggests that the three-option format is optimal for multiple choice questions (MCQs). This conclusion is supported by numerous studies showing that most distractors (i.e., incorrect answers) are selected by so few examinees that they are essentially nonfunctional. However, nearly all studies have defined a distractor as nonfunctional if…

This study illustrates a method for evaluating the accuracy of performance metrics and identifies potential institutional and student attributes that may increase the likelihood of classification errors. Longitudinal data were obtained from the Integrated Postsecondary Eduation Data System for public 4-year institutions (N = 558) to evaluate…

Education Code §44393 (f) requires the Commission on Teacher Credentialing (Commission) to report to the Legislature annually regarding the California Classified School Employee Teacher Credentialing Program. The requirements of the report are specified in Education Code §44393 and must include the following: (1) The number of classified school…

Prior learning refers to the knowledge, competencies, and skills acquired through formal and informal education outside a traditional academic environment or at the initiative of the individual learner. For example, if a current or potential student participated in an employee training program, military service, or took standardized exams such as…

School psychologists' transition to early career has been described as the most critical juncture in the professional lifespan, as this is a time in which they are "establishing a clearer sense of professional identity, gaining independence in their practice, overcoming disillusionment with their preparation/training, and exploring their…

As the Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) begins to approve accreditation standards for programs granting practice doctorates, it is unclear as to what implications accreditation of these programs will have on the Master's in Social Work (MSW) degree. This article examines threats to the MSW by comparing the evolution of social work education…

A major focus of sociological research is on the role of the credential as a 'currency of opportunity', mediating the relationship between education and occupational destinations. However, the labour market has largely remained a 'black box' in sociological and education policy studies. This article draws on 'big data' from over 21,000,000 job…

The idea of student-centered learning is not new; teachers have long sought to design personalized, competency-based environments that are tailored to individuals and that empower students to drive their own learning. What is new is the emergence of an online learning ecosystem and, with it, the technical possibility of equipping all students with…

The "Undergraduate Degree Earners" report series, published annually, provides a demographic and education profile for all students graduating with an undergraduate credential, which may include associate and bachelor's degrees and certificates. In this report, the authors profile graduates in the 2018-19 academic year, with a focus on…

As the economic and social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic reverberate across the nation into our homes, federal lawmakers are providing financial relief to help restart the economy as states scramble to create jobs and deploy resources to guard against further job losses and budget cuts. Lumina Foundation believes recovery begins with serving…

This report examines the results of the Senior Exit Survey, which is administered annually to all graduating high school students. The five-fold purpose of the survey is to explore: (1) senior's postsecondary plans; (2) the credentials they plan to acquire; (3) the institutions they plan to attend; (4) the fields of study they choose to pursue;…

This study examines the emerging relationship between microcredentials and qualification systems. Information gathered through an online survey among European VET providers, national authorities, employee and employer organisations was complemented by in-depth country case studies and interviews with Cedefop's ReferNet network. Questions of…

To stand out in a crowded marketplace, every organization must find or create a competitive edge. Companies without a unique advantage get lost in a tide of rivals. In the context of higher education, the registrar's office rarely commands the resources to achieve dramatic overhauls. Rather, incremental innovation offers a far more efficient use…

Thanks to engaged members and research partners, the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers (AACRAO) was able to engage in research and produce reports on several topics again in 2021. AACRAO Research completed four 60-Second Surveys and six comprehensive reports. Other research-supported work included: facilitating…

In the fall of 2021, the Indiana Department of Education (IDOE) requested assistance from the Region 8 Comprehensive Center in finding research-based strategies for effectively recruiting teachers, especially teachers of color. This request stemmed from Indiana's growing difficulty in fully staffing schools, especially in high-need areas. This…