This paper proposes a broader and more rigorous approach to the analysis of errors produced by second language learners. As a supplement to longitudinal studies, a procedure called "lateralisation" is advocated as a way of providing the researcher with more data than is normally available through examination of learner text alone. In…

The entries in this annotated bibliography are divided into four major sections. The first includes some of the arguments pro and con on the cloze procedure and a few research studies along with some articles that give "how-to" recommendations. The second major section includes five subsections: the first deals with basic research concerning the…

These guidelines were developed for administrators and teachers involved in bilingual/bicultural programs for children of limited English-speaking ability. They are designed to assist those developing such programs in the regular school curriculum as well as in summer programs. Though they follow the federal guidelines for Title VII…

This report studies the potential function of poetry as a literary genre to be used in language instruction. Strategies and tactics which are designed to develop the four basic skills, advanced as fundamental objectives of audiolingual programs, are delineated through a section on guidelines for teaching language through literature. The author…

This volume is a prepublication edition of four papers presented at a briefing held for representatives of government agencies, foundations and other organizations, November 12, 1970 at the National Museum of History and Technology of the Smithsonian Institution. "Linguistics as a Pilot Science," by Joseph H. Greenberg, examines the impact which…

The greater part of this paper is dedicated to a non-technical discussion and criticism of the principles of Skinnerian behaviorism. Various aspects of the theory are examined, and its inability to deal with verbal behavior as a productive and creative activity is asserted. The author's point of view is that expressed by Noam Chomsky in his…

The administrator in a bilingual, bicultural community must act with caution, forebearance, and great understanding, paying intense heed to his community. The term "bilingualism" refers to facility in the use of two languages, ranging from a minimal knowledge of either language to a high level of proficiency in both. "Biculturalism" is a…

Functional literacy as an approach to literacy education is now widely accepted; the Experts on Research in Literacy, meeting at Unesco House in July, 1968, felt that, because of the relative novelty of functional literacy, research was needed as part of training programs, and on specific topics. The groups agreed that research, in most cases,…

The author objects to criticism of current programed language instruction (PLI) materials. In a "conventional FL (foreign language) class" of 120 class hours a year, the amount of time spent in active, immediately reinforced responding by any individual student would be less than 100 minutes. This is in contrast to the shortest PLI program (53…

This is a discussion of another phase of bilingualism--structural difficulties in the target language of the student which impede his second language acquisition. The paper focuses on errors in learning English which do not derive from transfers from another language, and which cannot be predicted from contrastive analysis. These are intralingual…

An approach to a contrastive analysis of phonologies for pedagogic purposes is illustrated through the discussion of selected problems of interference which arise in the teaching of Russian pronunciation to native speakers of American English. The need for a recognition of a hierarchy of errors and the importance of the phonetic level of analysis…

Differences between the language laboratory and the electronic classroom sway the author to favor the latter for use in public schools. Principal characteristics of each, laboratory equipment, instructional goals, building management, lesson planning, and cost factors are also discussed in the article. (RL)

Claiming that the actual learning of basic language skills takes place in the language laboratory, the author states four requisites for effective use of the laboratory: (1) a clear statement of specific objectives, (2) instructions for the student, (3) realistic objectives, and (4) student rewards. Testing, learning theory, applied linguistics,…

Designed for use both in the United States and abroad, this manual for teachers of English as a second language is concerned with "minimum essentials" and is written in lay language. In the first chapter, the author deals with the nature of language and language learning; some features of the English language; students, school and community; and…

The symposium, held in Wiesbaden, West Germany, November 11-17, 1973, examined the results of recent programs and research dealing with the teaching of modern languages to young children and formulated certain recommendations for submission to the Council for Cultural Cooperation of the Council of Europe. The following reports were presented: (1)…