Significant correlations between measures of cognitive structure and performance were found using a procedure distinguishing between episodic and semantic memory as an heuristic with achievement test items. The design increased the likelihood of indications of semantic memory. Higher-order and lower-order cognitive processes are discussed.…

A study to test a theory of affective learning and to develop a data-gathering instrument for evaluation of affective learning is reported. Two primary areas of affective learning are (1) coping with feelings about professional knowledge and (2) coping with feelings about illness, disability, and death and dying. (Author/MLW)

Research in the neurosciences is supplying much useful information for teachers and curriculum planners. Particularly promising areas of study are brain growth, periodization, and cerebral lateralization and dominance. More interactions between researchers in learning psychology, curriculum design, and the neurosciences is necessary. (FG)

This study, written in French, presents the hierarchy of strategies used by children in solving multiplication and division problems, as they acquire the linear function concept. It is based on analysis of the different classes of problems, of specific tasks, and of strategies actually used in solutions. (MP)

Examined the effects of orienting task-controlled processing on text recall of younger, middle-aged, and older adults. Younger adults recalled more when recall was intentional or when preceded by a deep-orienting task. Middle-aged and older adults recalled more when recall was intentional regardless of depth of orienting task. (Author)

Reviews literature defining the characteristics of the complex puzzle children encounter moving from oral language to print. Illustrates that, by reading their own writing, children discover the precise connection between reading, writing, and language. (HTH)

Argues that television has unique educational characteristics that separate it from other media and have implications for teaching and learning. Discussion of distributional and social, control, and symbolic (audiovisual) characteristics is based on published surveys and on research carried out at the Open University. Thirteen references are…

The question of whether skills in achieving understanding and retention of information at high levels of abstraction can be taught is addressed by analyzing some of the mental processes involved, and briefly reviewing a number of attempts that have been made to induce these processes. (Author)

The effects of a test in contrast with no test on learning and retention were investigated. Also focused upon were the students' feelings when they did or did not have to study and take a test. Results indicate that testing is valuable in the learning process but not popular with students. (Author/GK)

The effects of a networking learning strategy upon facilitating the learning of field-dependent students are investigated. Results indicate that the strategy improves learning behavior of the field dependents on list learning and spatial learning. Learning behavior of field independents and field dependents is also compared. (Author/AEF)

Children at three age levels (four-, six-, and eight-year-olds) were asked a series of class inclusion questions presented verbally, visually, and kinesthetically. Analysis of correctness of reasons showed main effects of age and of condition. (Author/GK)

Two thousand students from 66 academic departments in six contrasting disciplines from British colleges completed an "approaches to studying" inventory and a course perceptions questionnaire. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to ways in which the organization of teaching and courses may affect students'…

Two studies are reported which investigate sex, faculty, and age (academic year) differences in the study methods of students at an Australian university. The young students, the male students, and the students enrolled in science-based faculties appeared to be most in need of study methods counseling. (Author/SJL)

The authors present an alternative model for training in organizational development (OD) which differs from other such models by being eclectic, inexpensive, and applicable to participants with varying degrees of experience. A design for a training laboratory is elaborated and related to theories about OD and about learning processes. (SK)

Male student nurses encounter unique conflicts in the nursing education process that can interfere with their learning abilities and ultimately their success. This article examines these conflicts and offers a variety of teaching strategies to combat them. (Author/CT)