Earlier studies found that recall scores of information central to the task increased with age while incidental information recall scores remained constant. This study repeated the earlier ones modifying procedures of instructions, testing, and schedule of recall. Also, it tested the effect of labeling pictorial stimuli. The sample of 253 children…

An attempt to measure the effectiveness of one hour of classroom instruction supplementing individual use of a programed text (Joseph Blumenthal's English 3200) in a junior college pre-transfer English composition class was made by placing 24 randomly selected students in two 12-member groups. Group I, the experimental group, received the one-hour…

The three papers presented in this publication examine in depth the thought and practices that currently prevail in the specialized areas of reading and concept attainment. Two of the papers deal with concept learning and the transformation of this knowledge into instructional guidelines. The third paper considers the importance o f concept…

This document records the proceedings of the Second National Conference of the U. S. Office of Education Tri-University Project in Elementary Education, the theme of which was "Reason and Change in Elementary Education." Included are a copy of the conference program, an introduction by Paul A. Olson, conference papers accompanied by…

In order to clarify the conditions under which material rewards have a detrimental effect upon children's later interest in the rewarded task, the effect of a reward for drawing was measured with 24 preschool children ranging in age from 34 to 40 months. The children were grouped as high or low in initial interest on the basis of observation of…

The strategies of children and college students were examined as they attempted to study texts. College students, under various intentional learning instructions, displayed a repetitive diagnostic pattern. Following extended study they improved recall of important, but not unimportant, elements of texts. Eleventh and twelfth graders conformed to…

The effects of different levels of rehearsal quality on serial recall, over and above simple labeling, were studied in a sample of 104 kindergartners. Subjects were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions. In one condition the subject and experimenter rehearsed together; in a second condition only the experimenter rehearsed; in the third…

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of audiovisual aids in the instruction of junior-level preservice teachers. The tapes used were vignettes of persons demonstrating specific teaching skills in the areas of lesson organization, questioning, using student ideas, praise and corrective feedback, and variety and variation in…

This study investigated the effects of training in the use of advance organizers and interspersed questions on the comprehension and attitudes of good, average, and poor eighth-grade readers who were randomly assigned, by intact classroom units, to one of three treatment groups. The first treatment group received eight sessions of training in the…

This study attempts to discover relationships between teacher classroom behaviors and pupil achievement. Observers rated thirty-two fifth-level teachers on the Global Rating Scales (GRS) and the Teacher Practices Observation Record (TPOR). The data were analyzed using a linear model in which classroom mean posttest math score was the criterion and…

Comparison is made between the techniques of research used in the physical sciences and those used in educational research, and the relative weakness of the reproducibility of educational research findings is noted. It is pointed out that while monitoring and feedback are essential in any research endeavor, they present difficulty in educational…

The seven papers that comprise this book were presented at the 1977 National Art Education Association Conference on Reading, the Arts, and the Creation of Meaning held to bring together people in the arts and the fields of reading, psychology, and philosophy to explore the relationships that exist between these fields of study. Topics discussed…

People sometimes forget a name or a word, and are plagued by the feeling that the sought-for word is somewhere in memory but not immediately available. The frequent description of this tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon as subthreshold memory traces is challenged by data showing that TOT genesis and TOT recovery are distinct processes. In a verbal…

Until the rise of cognitive psychology, models of the teaching-learning process (TLP) stressed external rather than internal variables. Models remained general descriptions until control theory introduced explicit system analyses. Cybernetic models emphasize feedback and adaptivity but give little attention to creativity. Research on artificial…

This report presents the results of research undertaken to determine the individual learning styles of teacher trainees and to better understand the development of teacher competency, particularly as it relates to teacher trainee learning styles. The research was conducted over a nine-month period in the context of the regular Teachers College…