A review of 67 studies examined minorities' media selection/usage, the psychological variables that account for minority exposure to the media, minorities' information sources, and the effects media have on minority audiences. Among the major conclusions are the following: blacks spend less time reading newspapers but more time viewing television…

The Nielsen data on commercial television viewing and programming contained in this report are estimates of the audiences and other characteristics of television usage as derived from Nielsen Television Index and Nielsen Station Index measurements. Data and brief discussions are provided on the number of commercial and public stations; number of…

In this working paper on adult education in the Los Angeles area, future needs for university extension and other specialized educational services outside the formal educational structure of the state are discussed. Professional continuing education and the needs of housewives and retired persons, high school and university dropouts, persons…

The Institute for Communication Research at Stanford University collected and synthesized existing data on cross-cultural broadcasting throughout the world. In their report, details are provided about four types of effects resulting from cross-cultural broadcasting: (1) cultural effects with emphasis on the trend of research in radio, television,…

Research literature relating to the power of dramatic television or movie entertainment for value, attitude, and behavior change is reviewed. Section 1 of this paper covers the research literature bearing on the effects of mass entertainment on adults, adolescents, and children. Section 2 briefly describes the research needs to be addressed by the…

Fourteen second and third grade children viewed "The Electric Company" television series pilot shows while color slides flashed on a nearby screen competed for their attention. The children's visual attention was monitored and recorded. Bits from the shows were then ranked according to percentage of attention they received, and the…

Observation of 6 small groups of children viewing Sesame Street for 14 consecutive days allowed researchers to do more than analyze reactions to individual program segments. It was possible to compare programs as a whole and to see how individual film segments fared when viewed in different program contexts. A high degree of consistency was…

Phase I of a three-phase project to produce a film that would effect self-concept in minority children was concerned with the effect of an existing film, "Frederick Douglass," starring a black hero. Questionnaires were sent the 205 purchasers of the film; response indicated that there is considerable doubt that the target audience (black…

A concept of the masses, or populace, conveyed a positive connotation in both Biblical and Renaissance literature. During Spain's Golden Age (seventeenth century) writers, especially didactic dramatists, tended to register negative and prejudiced attitudes toward the common folk and to regard them as "masa inculta" or uncultured masses. Primarily,…

This handbook is planned for both new and experienced coordinators of management and other adult education programs, for school or adult education administrators, training directors, instructors, or speakers. Part One covers philosophy and perspective--objectives of adult education and the responsibilities and duties of the coordinator and the…

The identification and study of 20 syntactical patterns responsible for much of the structural ambiguity found in literary composition can develop in students an audience awareness. When they realize that such constructions as "a dull boy's knife" and "the club will be open to members from Monday to Thursday" can be misinterpreted, they take more…

This study was to discover the effect of the merger of various extension units at West Virginia University into the Appalachian Center. Data were collected by a questionnaire. The 131 respondents consisted of 50 county agents, 46 4-H agents, and 35 home agents, and comprised 96% of the state extension agents. Regression analysis, consisting of…

The uses of television, radio, newspapers, and magazines by urban and rural respondents differ markedly over the range of entertainment, news, and information functions. As entertainment, television ranks highest in use by all 574 respondents. However, non-urban residents in large numbers favor radio as entertainment and as a news source.…

A survey conducted with a cross section of the national population produced the following findings. First, not only has television grown to the point where only 2% of American homes receive fewer than three channels, it has also grown in public esteem. It has become the number one source of news and the most credible and frequently used medium. In…

The material presented in these guidelines is a summary of information for the planning, preparation, and successful utilization of visual presentations in conferences. Accordingly, the material is divided into three major sections which detail the specific tasks of the presenter, the producer, and the sponsor. In the section for the presenter,…