The Canadian Ministry of Education with support from school boards and teachers' federations, had hoped to see 50% of all positions of responsibility in school be undertaken by women before the year 2000. This paper discusses the meanings that three exemplary women principals gave to leadership and the ways in which they enacted leadership in…

While numerous feminist scholars have written about "silence," few have focused on the silence of women in powerful masculinized positions such as the superintendency. The purpose of the paper is to expose the silencing, the disallowing of voice in actual practice, or the "unnatural silence" (Olsen 1978) of women superintendents through a…

For over a decade, numerous educators have espoused the need for increased participation in decision making. Yet, evidence shows that mechanisms intended to broaden access actually result in governance that is little different from traditional, more autocratic management methods. To better understand this phenomenon, an examination of the…

A growing body of literature has found that between women and men as leaders there are important differences in leadership styles, qualities, and priorities. Yet there are few studies that empirically examine the gender differences from a subordinate perspective, particularly in higher education. It is important to identify those factors that best…

In two articles on outdoor programming models, Watters distinguished four models on a continuum ranging from the common adventure model, with minimal organizational structure and leadership control, to the guide service model, in which leaders are autocratic and trips are highly structured. Club programs and instructional programs were in between,…

This paper explores high school leadership by examining how leadership was experienced and understood by students, parents, and staff members in two secondary schools. The general question that guided the research was: How do members within high school communities experience and understand leadership? A collective case study approach was chosen…

One of the fundamental truths of education is that effective schools are created and sustained largely through effective leadership. While it is possible for strong leaders to help a school overcome problems and weaknesses, rarely is it possible for a school to rise above its leadership in order to achieve success. Both education lore and research…

More candid - and caustic - comments about the open-plan school and its effects on teachers, pupils and parents. (Author)

Thirty-eight high school principals and 237 members of their teaching staffs from an eight county area in New York participated in a study which examined personality characteristics of the principal and teacher participation in the decision-making process. (Authors)

Critically examines the research on planned change in organization style conducted by R. Golembiewski and S. Carrigan. (LN)

Studied the effects of a leader's self-disclosure and nonverbal behaviors on student group members' (N=40) perceptions of leader attractiveness. Students participated in one of four randomly assigned groups and rated a videotaped group leader. Results showed that high levels of self-disclosure had a significant positive effect on leader…

Analysis of the policy formation processes of a United States school district during a decade of declining enrollment yields some implications in the areas of policy generation dynamics, stages of policy formation, and appropriate leadership styles relevant to British administrators facing enrollment problems. (MJL)

Investigated relationships between counselors' (N=31) felt degree of burnout and their perceptions of school leadership style, themselves, their job, and their clients. Found that self-reported burnout was strongly related to counselors' perceptions and that self, job, and clients were all perceived more negatively as burnout increased. (Author/RC)

Reviews Douglas McGregor's "Theory X" and "Theory Y" views of teacher supervision. Concludes that supervisors need to understand the personal belief systems of the teachers they are supervising. (FL)

Examined aspects of job interview behavior that influence employer preference for a female managerial applicant in the human service field. Job interview vignettes, depicting female managerial applicants displaying various leadership and personality styles, were presented to employers (N=60). Results indicated most preferred combined warmth with…