Chinese characters are used in both Chinese and Japanese writing systems. When literate speakers of either language experience problems in finding or understanding words, they often resort to using Chinese characters or "kanji" (i.e., Chinese characters used in Japanese writing) in their talk, a practice known as "brush talk" ("bitan" in Chinese,…

The Han sphere, including Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Taiwan and China, adopted Han characters and classical Han writing as the official written language before the 20th century. However, great changes came with the advent of the 20th century. After World War II, Han characters in Vietnam and Korea were officially replaced by the romanised "Chu…

This study investigated the nature of morphological awareness and its relation to learning to read Chinese characters among 46 Chinese-speaking preschool children. The children took a morphological awareness task, which varied in semantic transparency and morpheme position. Children's vocabulary knowledge and extant character reading ability were…

Five research projects concerning the Romanization of the Hebrew alphabet and its effect on the progress of adult English speakers learning Hebrew as a second language are reviewed. The hypotheses, subjects, procedures, results, conclusions, and validity of each study are summarized. The studies dealt with the Hebrew alphabet, spelling, plural…

This book, compiled by six practicing teachers of Chinese, is designed to provide supplementary work for regular textbooks such as "Speak Chinese,""Speak Mandarin," and "Modern Chinese," and hopefully to help the teacher to avoid the monotony and boredom of much drill practice by providing a greater variety of material for drill purposes. It…

Describes difficulties of learning Japanese as a second language and urges Australian educators to teach only the spoken language at the high school level. (RL)

Advocates the use of machine readable codes to accomplish romanization and promote the exchange of bibliographic data. Proposals are presented for transliteration standards, design of machine readable conversion codes, and the establishment of databases. (RAA)

This paper presents the results of research on elemental standard reading time estimates for traditional Chinese characters on computer displays and explores the factors that may affect the time estimates. Seventy-two native Chinese readers, aged 19 to 24, were asked to read 16 simple passages and then answer four multiple-choice questions.…

This English-Tibetan dictionary contains 16,000 main entries and subentries, a total of 45,000 lexical items. The dictionary is primarily oriented to spoken communication and was designed to be semantically sensitive, bridging the semantic gap between Tibetan and English. Tibetan terms corresponding to submeanings of English subterms are…

The history of lexicography in Vietnam is chronicled from early Chinese and missionary scholarship through the colonial period (1884-1946), the war years (1946-1954), the partition period (1954-1975), and the post-1975 period. The evolution of romanization, political-linguistic influences, native scholarship in lexicography, and dictionary types…

THIS TEXT IS A THOROUGH REVISION AND EXPANSION OF M. GARDNER TEWKSBURY'S "SPEAK CHINESE" OF 1948. THE 24 LESSONS OF THE EARLIER TEXT HAVE BEEN REGROUPED INTO 20 AND THE VOCABULARY NOW INCLUDES 850 ITEMS. WHEN USED WITH THE EXERCISES IN THE ACCOMPANYING "STUDENT'S WORKBOOK" THE TEXT IS SUITABLE FOR INTENSIVE COURSES AS WELL AS…

THIS TWO-VOLUME TEXT IS A SEQUEL TO "BEGINNING CHINESE READER" AND IS CLOSELY CORRELATED WITH "BEGINNING CHINESE" AND "ADVANCED CHINESE," ALL BY THE SAME AUTHOR. INTRODUCED IN THE 30 LESSONS ARE 400 NEW CHARACTERS, 2,500 COMPOUNDS, AND ABOUT 200,000 CHARACTERS OF RUNNING TEXT. THE CHARACTERS ARE INTRODUCED THROUGH A…

This student's dictionary of over 4,500 characters (head words) and 28,000 combinations is designed to "alleviate the shortcomings" of traditional Chinese dictionaries which follow the Radical System for character indexing. The head words are first listed according to their simplified variant as well as traditional forms, being arranged…

The complexity of Chinese orthography has hindered the progress of research in Chinese to the same level of sophistication of that in alphabetic languages such as English. Also, there has been no publicly available resource concerning the decomposition of Chinese characters, which is essential in any attempt to model the cognitive processes of…

"SPOKEN MARATHI" PRESENTS THE BEGINNING STUDENT WITH THE BASIC PHONOLOGY AND STRUCTURE OF MODERN MARATHI. IT IS ASSUMED THAT THE STUDENT WILL SPEND MOST OF HIS STUDY TIME LISTENING TO AND SPEAKING THE LANGUAGE, EITHER WITH A NATIVE SPEAKER INSTRUCTOR OR WITH RECORDED MATERIALS. THIS TEXT IS DESIGNED TO PROVIDE MATERIAL FOR A ONE-YEAR…