Grade seven and undergraduate Chinese bilinguals in Hong Kong speaking Chinese and English were tested for forward and backward digit span in the respective languages. Developmental differences were noted and a bilingual auditory storage index was suggested as one indication of bilingual development. (CM)

Outlines the history of the use of English in the Philippines. Discusses the Filipinos' reception of English and impact of English on current language policy in the Philippines. (JMF)

Describes the development of the concept of language in an Italian/English bilingual child from age 2.0 to 2.5 years. (CFM)

Presents a study of mixed language use within the frame of interactional sociolinguistics by looking at how adolescents of Turkish background living in Germany have developed their own patterns of bilingualism. Analyzes transcripts of Turkish-German mixed speech and shows that the switching and mixing oscillates between local sequential functions…

Analyzes conversation 501 from the Koge (Denmark) project for the four adolescents speakers' use of five to six different language varieties. Code choice patterns are shown to function in a range of ways. Suggests the multifaceted behavior of the Turkish-Danish adolescents is languaging, which is in principle what other human beings do.…

In a primary English immersion class in California, a teacher resisted Proposition 227's mandated English immersion and the school's linguistic hegemony by blending English and Spanish during reading and writing activities. Hybrid literacy practices facilitated successful literacy acquisition in two languages for many students but did not meet the…

Discusses two problematic cases that arose when the Matrix Language frame model of codeswitching was applied to Arabic diglossic switching: a co-occurrence of system morphemes from both varieties of Arabic within a single CP; and CPs in which the word order is that of the dialect but the system morphemes are from Standard Arabic and CPs in which…

Investigates the use of code switching in first-year learners of Danish. Points out that code switching appears as a skill used in early attempts of playing with the languages involved in the conversation. Acknowledges code switching as an increasingly sophisticated language skill even a an early stage of second language acquisition. (Author/VWL)

Examines the effects of power relations and audience on language usage, presenting data from a language attitude study that involved interviews between Dutch teachers and adolescents. It is argued that if speakers are expected to tailor their language to their audience, more flexibility must be allowed in role relations than what is suggested by…

Presents a model of the speaker's sociopsychological motivations when he engages in code-switching (CS). The use of CS can be interpreted as a marked or an unmarked choice of discourse mode. (38 references) (Author/CK)

This analysis focuses on patterns of language choice and language mixing in a Chinese/English-speaking bilingual community in the Northeast of England. (34 references) (VWL)

Using data from ethnographic studies of the use of French and English in Ontario and Quebec in a variety of settings during 1978-90, this paper discusses language choice as a political strategy, especially for ethnic mobilization. Codeswitching is described in terms of individual communicative repertoires and community speech economies. (41…

Focuses on the analysis of six-year-old Finnish-speaking children's second-language acquisition during their first year of Swedish immersion in kindergarten. (JL)

Code-switching is examined in oral narratives of 30 African-American women as they switched from Standard English to Black English Vernacular. A little over half of the speakers assign positive values to their code switches. Examples are given from interviews with two subjects. (SLD)

Describes Tongan language proficiency, language usage, and attitudes toward the language among the ethnic Tongans of Wellington, New Zealand. Although the language is strongly preferred and maintained by the Tongan community, incipient language shift, increasing English proficiency, and code switching are evident among younger people. (40…