Differences in age and developmental levels may result in changes in the ways males and females value themselves, and in the level of perceptual functioning from observers. Subjects (N=725) were divided into three groups. Self-raters (N=519) ranged from 6 to 18 years of age. Peer-raters (N=129) were their contemporaries (within one year). There…

The concept of social responsibility as applied to business suggests that the corporation no longer has a responsibility only to the stockholder but must make decisions aimed toward balancing the interests of all clientele groups affected by actions of the corporation. These groups include managers, administrators, employees, and the general…

The research reported here, based largely on open-ended interviews with elementary school children at several grade levels, examines the measurement and correlates of gender role flexibility in children. It explores children's conceptions of "mother" and "father" both in response to questioning about the child's own parents and in response to…

This report is one of a regular series about the status and progress of studies on the nature of speech, instrumentation for its investigation, and practical applications. The 11 papers discuss the dissociation of spectral and temporal cues to the voicing distinction in initial stopped consonants; perceptual integration and selective attention in…

Risk-taking attitudes and behaviors among young and elderly adults were investigated. Elderly subjects, from both a nursing home and the community, and college students responded to choice dilemmas involving aged central characters. Each subject responded twice, once under "self" instructions, and once as the "average elderly person" would…

To examine the effects of the contextual variables of relationship intimacy and time on communication satisfaction, a study was undertaken involving 252 college freshmen. The subjects participated in one of two treatments. In the first, they were randomly paired and participated in social conversation for 15 minutes. Following the conversation,…

This selective bibliography of periodical literature deals with the subject of women and their changing role in society. The span of time covered is primarily 1960 to the present, with a scattering of articles from much earlier dates. This bibliography offers citations from many areas, e.g., social science, education, and the humanities, and…

Behavioral and perceptual differences among maritally distressed and nondistressed husbands and wives were investigated. Distressed couples beginning marital therapy and nondistressed couples solicited through community newspapers comprised the criterion groups which were matched for major demographic variables. Couples first enacted and then…

Using data gathered from a survey of adult residents living in Davis County, Utah, this study was intended to determine the relationship between the use and nonuse of the county library, and the residents' perception of its print and cultural services. Related surveys taken in connection with library use, profiles of users and nonusers,…

A test was constructed to measure a person's ability to produce Spanish sounds which are considered difficult but which must be mastered for fluency in Spanish. The test was used with learners from kindergarten to college. It was consensually validated by a panel of bilingual specialists after analyzing it according to contrastive analysis…

Two speeches by Betty Friedan, author of "The Feminine Mystique" and first president of the National Organization for Women (NOW), are examined in this paper. The first speech analyzed, "Tokenism and the Pseudo-Radical Cop-Out," was delivered at Cornell University in January, 1969, and the second, a "Call to Women's Strike…

This paper discusses a study conducted with 100 parents of high school-age students in Albuquerque, New Mexico, to determine the nature and range of their goals for secondary education. Each parent participated in an open-ended, tape-recorded interview. Results of these interviews, while qualitative, revealed basic sex-role expectations of parents…

Described are science cognitive and activity preferences of a sample of secondary students in Georgetown, Malaysia whose perceptions of instructional practices in science were considered. Three instruments were used to collect data. The analysis considers the mean scores and F-test results for a Science Cognitive Preference Inventory, an Activity…

The performance correlates of perceptions of discriminatory treatment, satisfaction, and self-concept for male and female U.S. Military Academy Cadets in the Classes of 1980 and 1981 were investigated. Numerous instruments were used for data collection, including the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale, the Spence Attitude Toward Women Scale, the West…

This report, prepared by the United States General Accounting Office, focuses on the forecasting of science and engineering personnel in the 1980's and the use of the information in policy formation. The General Accounting Office recommends steps to be taken by the Office of Science and Technology Policy in evaluating the effects of major federal…