In this article, the author reports findings from a project designed to explore approaches for improving students' mathematical learning outcomes in relation to the base ten number system. The project explored the role of a commonly used teaching activity, referred to in the project as the "base ten game," in developing children's…

Behavioral, neuropsychological, and brain imaging research points to a dedicated system for processing number that is shared across development and across species. This foundational Approximate Number System (ANS) operates over multiple modalities, forming representations of the number of objects, sounds, or events in a scene. This system is…

This book is intended for supplementary reading in the elementary school. It is written in non-technical language, and the effort has been made to connect with the history enough of the human element to make it more interesting than any mere recital of facts. With it there is also joined something of the history of writing materials, this being…

ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS TOWARD ARABIC NUMBERALS AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH THE NUMBERS FROM 1 TO 9 WERE INVESTIGATED IN A SERIES OF FIVE STUDIES ON (1) NONQUANTITATIVE ASSOCIATIONS TO NUMERALS AS A FUNCTION OF AGE, ABILITY LEVEL, AND SEX AMONG AMERICAN CHILDREN, (2) COLOR ASSOCIATIONS WITH NUMERALS AMONG MALE COLLEGE STUDENTS, (3) PERSONALITY…

This programed text is an introduction to the algebra of complex numbers for engineering students, particularly because of its relevance to important problems of applications in electrical engineering. It is designed for a person who is well experienced with the algebra of real numbers and calculus, but who has no experience with complex number…

A concept-by-concept approach to Jean Piaget's ideas and findings about the intellectual growth of children is presented in simplified form for the lay reader. It first reviews the theoretical rationale behind Piaget's work and sets forth his basic principles of development. Then comes an overview of developmental stages of intellectual growth…

The purpose was to ascertain whether there existed differential achievement effects associated with the factors and levels of context, form, item-stem and item-response format, size of common number, and school grade, as they relate to two variations of distributivity. Twelve 9-item tests were constructed and given to intact 4th-, 5th-, 6th-, and…

Several activities designed to allow students to play with and explore the special properties of the number nine are presented. A reproducible activity page is included. (MT)

Table games with special dice can help children with severe learning difficulties to improve their basic number skills (rote counting, numeral recognition, and counting out a quantity of objects from 1-200. Field testing supported the value of such games with 9- to 18-year-olds with moderate mental handicaps. (CL)

The study evaluated an errorless procedure for teaching nine educable mentally retarded students to solve missing minuend problems. Seven Ss acquired the target skill in a nearly errorless fashion in 75 to 172 minutes of individual training time. The other Ss required programatic alterations. (Author/CL)

Explores in three experiments development of three linguistic aspects of "more" in children's speech. Experiment 1 examined nature of early semantic content of "more;" Experiment 2, the child's differentiation of mass "more" from count "more"; and Experiment 3, the child's use of "more" as a…