Investigates the assumption that sentences comprise a presupposition and an assertion. The projection problem for presuppositions is reduced to a property of presuppositions; intersentential relations are systematized, dependent on presupposition and negation; certain syntactic structures and lexical items are analyzed in terms of these relations.…

A technique is demonstrated whereby an implicit semantic feature can be related to a grammatical alternative (pronoun-antecedent assignment) and thereby made explicit. It is also demonstrated that pragmatic, syntactic and other semantic features interact in an orderly way with this implicit feature of causality in verbs. (RC)

Polar interrogative sentences differ from declarative sentences in terms of illocutionary forces and the linguistic analysis of their meaning. It is possible to isolate small numbers of syntactic and semantic categories and an unlimited number of illocutionary forces resulting from their interaction with the total situation. (CK)

Discusses a particular literary technique sometimes used in French in which a subject pronoun is omitted after direct speech for variation and emphasis. (CK)

Discusses three different patterns of restrictive and non-restrictive prepositional relative clauses--their functions, variations and permitted uses. (CK)

This paper examines the basic properties of subject and object in Arabic and characterizes them through their grammatical manifestation in a relational network. The study also investigates the relational properties of subject and object with respect to other grammatical notions such as relativization, reflexivization, and passivization. Data for…

Part 8 of a continued article. (SK)

Synonyms are not in syntactic free-variation. Some text composition rules are examined and it is shown that they prevent the occurrence of paradoxical utterances which could arise if synonyms were freely substitutable. (Text is in German.) (TL)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of focus (subject, object, and possessive) and embedding position (center vs. right) on kindergarten and second-grade subjects' responses to relative clauses. Twenty kindergarten and 20 second-grade children served as subjects. The subjects were middle-class, Anglo children who had not begun…

An experiment was conducted to gain insight into the demarcative function of stress and intonation by testing the effectiveness of these features in resolving structural ambiguity. The responses of native speakers were analyzed both in the production and in the recognition of 68 pairs of potentially ambiguous sentences. Special care was taken to…

A survey of 968 sentences from 20 different college texts used by freshman students revealed that active sentences were the most prevalent of sentence types. Next in order were passives, gerunds, pseudo clefts, factives, infinitives, and clefts. The author found that students made mistakes more frequently in distinguishing actives from passives…

While the prenominal or postnominal position of descriptive adjectives in Spanish has been widely discussed, there is a partial aspect of this topic which is either ignored or dealt with in a perfunctory manner, namely, the possible existence of a semantic principle determining the sequence of descriptive adjectives in coordinate series of two or…

Generalized recognition of the kernel, passive, negative, and passive-negative transformations of a number of sentences was investigated. A significant amount of generalization was obtained within a transformationally-defined sentence family relative to the generalization obtained between sentence families when subjects were requested to register…

This article discusses the problem that arises in forming tag questions when the subject of the sentence contains "every,""none,""some," or "any." (CFM)