This paper describes studies which investigated the nature of the relationship between number of categories and recall performance in children, and attempted to determine whether the category-recall effect increases developmentally. A series of three studies was designed so that grade level and stimulus difficulty would not be confounded.…

A useful means for conceptualizing important differences in the way people actually perceive issues regarding truth and knowledge is discussed. An individual's attitudes and beliefs concerning the nature of truth and knowledge, termed "epistemological posture," is developed as a psychological variable and compared to other variables such as…

In response to J. Lerner's paper (EC 081 334) on differences between the fields of reading and learning disabilities, the author stresses the importance of a developmental view of reading based on the theories and findings of J. Piaget. (DB)

Secondary school students in a classification study spent more time in classifying plants in a seminatural environment than in classifying man-made geometrical objects in a classroom. No differences were found in these results with respect to race, sex, or age. (MLH)

Students in grades 4, 6, and 8 were required to indicate whether or not a stimulus word belonged in either of two semantic categories that were held in memory. Results indicated that even for the youngest children semantically similar categories required less search time than dissimilar categories. (GO)

This study examined the performance of middle aged and elderly adults on the Piagetian tests of class inclusion and multiple classification. (GO)

The latency to classify a test item as not being from a memorized list of category words is usually slower when the test items are categorically related to memorized words than when they are unrelated. This observation has been explained by four models of recognition, which are evaluated here. (Editor/RK)

Four experiments were conducted where words were recalled after presentation either in hierarchical fashion or in a matrix. The intention was to examine whether the original advantage for hierarchical retrieval systems could be duplicated for matrix systems, and if there was any particular advantage or disadvantage for either type of structure.…

Investigates three alternative explanations for why younger children benefit more than older children from the provision of category size information when recalling items from a categorized list. Subjects were 29 kindergarten and 30 third grade children. (MP)

Compares and contrasts three reading comprehension taxonomies and discusses possible uses. (MKM)

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) in discriminating auditory or visual deficits, 121 learning disabled children (mean age 100 months) were tested. (PHR)

Children find great joy during this season playing with new toys. And more and more often parents consult with teachers about toy buying. Here's a guide to help you answer questions. (Editor)

Several observations about the way humans conceive of attributes, changes, and covariation of stimuli are presented as indications for the existence of a conceptual hierarchy of dimensions in which time dominates space, and space dominates every other dimension. (Author)

High school classes were assigned to five types using J.L. Holland's typology, and the climates assessed using the Classroom Environment Scale. Holland's classification was generally supported, although some unexpected findings are discussed. Holland's hexagonal model of the similarity between types received only weak support. (Author/GDC)