Assessed correspondence between the Carkhuff and the Truax scales for empathy. Undergraduates responded to nine simulated client statements. An overall correlation of .89 was found. Interrater reliabilities for both scales were high. Degree of correspondence between scales varied with the content-affect characteristics of the simulated client…

Asserts that tests of student performance in economics courses on the college level do not necessarily enable educators to infer anything about what students have learned or the manner in which they have learned it. Suggests that economics instruction be tailored to the individual, allowing for different learning styles. (Author/DB)

Reliability coefficients of linear combinations of observed scores have anomalous properties which have led to difficulties in the investigation of difference scores and gain scores in test theory. Discrepancies between classical results and correct results obtained from more general formulas, which allow for correlated errors, are examined…

The authors examined use of a bipolar scale containing ten descriptors of basic art concepts (e.g. "linear-painterly") identified by Heinrich Wolfflin for analyzing paintings. They found that both trained observers (art history students) and untrained observers (psychology students) could apply Wolfflin's concepts reliably to Renaissance…

It is suggested that educational objectives lack clarity since they are caught between the paradigms of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. A qualitative evaluation process is proposed, wherein rationale theory is compared to practice. Quantitative information may constitute part of the data, but is not an objective in itself. (AEF)

Used Holland's congruency, consistency, and differentiation terms to predict job satisfaction within a single occupation. Based on the responses of 126 registered nurses, the congruence hypothesis was confirmed. Consistency and differentiation hypotheses were partially supported. The additive relationship among congruence, consistency, and…

The study involving 145 students (5-13 years old) referred for psychological evaluation explored the consequences of retesting upon student placement and the changes in test results. (SBH)

A total of 309 children were divided into eight groups on the basis of their Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test scores. The Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control (LOC) Scale and the Children's Psychological Conservatism Scale were administered. Findings indicate a curvilinear relationship between verbal ability and the reliability of the LOC scale. (RH)

A study was made of the usefulness of the Infant Rating Scale (IRS) in the early identification of learning difficulties. Thirteen hundred five-year-olds were rated by their teachers after one term in school. The structure of the IRS, its reliability, and predictive validity are examined. (Author/SJL)

Female teachers rated 107 preschool boys and girls on their self-esteem and on a sex role rating scale. Although the validity of such ratings remains an issue, it appears that children rated high in self-esteem by their teachers are those perceived as assertive, active, athletic--stereotypically masculine traits. (Author/SJL)

An evaluation of the degree of overlapping variance between self-estimated and actual personality factor scores found only minimal overlap between estimates and inventory. Counselors are cautioned not to use personality estimates as substitutes for actual inventory scores. (Author)

Reports results of a study that examined (CSE) biology examinations to determine whether practical and theory examinations tested separate constructs. Multitrait-Multimethod matrices revealed evidence of convergent validity between two practical tests forming part of the same examination. Practical tests and written papers show very limited…

The present study investigated the stability of response intransitivity in the method of paired comparisons over a two-year period. Intransitivity scores obtained from two administrations of the Minnesota Importance Questionnaire were correlated to determine stability. Results provided support for the linear relationship between the two measures.…

When administered to 125 deaf youngsters, ages 5-12, the WISC performance test had good reliability and predictive validity, but administration to some young or physically handicapped children proved difficult. The Colored Progressive Matrices proved satisfactory with older subjects, but its suitability for younger deaf children was not confirmed.…

The relationship between scores on objective tests of language skills and on free writing tasks was analyzed for third and eighth graders. Correlations between scores were of the same magnitude as reported for college students. Differences in relationships between free-writing performance and objective test scores are discussed. (Author/RD)