This study compared perception and production of Korean speech sounds by college students who had spoken Korean regularly for a few years during childhood to those of novice Korean learners and childhood hearers who had heard Korean regularly during childhood but had spoken Korean only minimally. Findings revealed long-term benefits of childhood…

Investigated developmental trends associated with the Deese/Roediger-McDermott false-memory effect, the role of distinctive information, and subjective experience of true/false memories. Found that 5-year-olds recalled more false memories than adults but no age differences in recognition of critical lures. Distinctive information reduced false…

Interviews Oliver Sacks, a doctor and author of eight books. Discusses his newest book, his upbringing, and memory. Explains how the medical profession influences his writing. (PM)

A study involving 33 college students and adults performing a cued recall task found that recall performance was more sensitive to length of the retention interval in the presence of unassociated cues than associated cues. This contrasts with results from analyses of informational demands from the environment in previous studies. (SLD)

Second-, third-, and fourth-graders received five sort-recall trials for word lists. Results indicated that multiple strategy use increased with age; fourth graders who used more strategies had higher recall than those who used fewer; children at all ages showed substantial inter-trial variability in using multiple strategies; and the use of few…

Examined preschoolers' beliefs about relationships between effort, interest, and recall; assessed actual effort and recall under different interest levels. Found that children believed recall increases with effort and interest, and that interest influences effort. Children's actual interest influenced effort, but effort was unrelated to recall.…

Investigated the relationship between memory for input and inductive learning of morphological rules relating to functional categories in a semiartificial form of Italian. A verbatim memory task was used as both the vehicle for presenting sentences and as a continuous measure of memory performance. (Author/VWL)

Investigated whether source-monitoring training would decrease 3- to 4-year-olds' suggestibility. After observing live or video target-events, children received source-monitoring or recognition (control) training. Found that children given source-monitoring training were more accurate than control group children in response to misleading and…

Examined, over 1 year, relations between information processing efficiency, working memory, and problem solving in sample of 8-, 10-, 12-, and 14-year-olds. Identified three-stratus hierarchy with individual dimensions organized in three constructs: processing efficiency, working memory, and problem solving. Found that individual dimensions were…

Examined event-based memory in three groups of children between ages 14 and 25 months. Found that search task success was general in oldest group while performance was similar on a task in which success "may" have been due to recalling an object-removal event and one in which success could "only" have been due to recall of…

Thirty adults either with or without traumatic brain injury (TBI) listened to narratives, made delayed predictions of recall, and took a delayed recall test. Narrative questions differed by salience and explicitness. Although TBI survivors recalled less than control participants regardless of question type, there were no differences in predictive…

Investigated spatial memory for written words as a behavioral consequence of verbal processing differences. Across three experiments with Chinese and U.S. college students, spatial memory for real and nonsense words was greater for Chinese logographs than for alphabetic English words. This spatial memory advantage was absent for pictures and…

Systematically varied the day-night task requiring children to say "night" to a sun picture and "day" to a moon picture to investigate why young children typically fail the task. Found that reducing memory load did not help performance. Reducing inhibitory demand by requiring an unrelated response or inserting a delay between…

Reviews ancient theory and modern research regarding the effect of imagery on memory. Suggests present-day technical communicators use, where possible, a particular kind of image to illustrate proceduralized instructions. Provides examples and illustrations that create special images. (KEH)

Ten fourth grade language-learning-disabled children and 10 normal peers were shown a movie and subsequently asked to tell the story. Language-disabled subjects told less complex stories. It is concluded that normal subjects used a greater number of story grammar components within each narrative and remembered more aspects of the previously…