NotesFAQContact Us
Collection
Advanced
Search Tips
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Showing 2,281 to 2,295 of 4,868 results Save | Export
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Cooper, Jeffrey C.; Dunne, Simon; Furey, Teresa; O'Doherty, John P. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2012
The dorsal striatum plays a key role in the learning and expression of instrumental reward associations that are acquired through direct experience. However, not all learning about instrumental actions require direct experience. Instead, humans and other animals are also capable of acquiring instrumental actions by observing the experiences of…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Operant Conditioning, Observational Learning, Prediction
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Rahko, Jukka S.; Paakki, Jyri-Johan; Starck, Tuomo H.; Nikkinen, Juha; Pauls, David L.; Katsyri, Jari V.; Jansson-Verkasalo, Eira M.; Carter, Alice S.; Hurtig, Tuula M.; Mattila, Marja-Leena; Jussila, Katja K.; Remes, Jukka J.; Kuusikko-Gauffin, Sanna A.; Sams, Mikko E.; Bolte, Sven; Ebeling, Hanna E.; Moilanen, Irma K.; Tervonen, Osmo; Kiviniemi, Vesa – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
FMRI was performed with the dynamic facial expressions fear and happiness. This was done to detect differences in valence processing between 25 subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and 27 typically developing controls. Valence scaling was abnormal in ASDs. Positive valence induces lower deactivation and abnormally strong activity in ASD…
Descriptors: Autism, Scaling, Diagnostic Tests, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Ptak, Radek; Di Pietro, Marie; Schnider, Armin – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Neglect dyslexia--a peripheral reading disorder generally associated with left spatial neglect--is characterized by omissions or substitutions of the initial letters of words. Several observations suggest that neglect dyslexia errors are independent of viewer-centered coordinates; the disorder is therefore thought to reflect impairment at the…
Descriptors: Beginning Reading, Dyslexia, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Correlation
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Cole, Claire; Zapp, Daniel J.; Nelson, S. Katherine; Perez-Edgar, Koraly – Brain and Cognition, 2012
Socially withdrawn individuals display solitary behavior across wide contexts with both unfamiliar and familiar peers. This tendency to withdraw may be driven by either past or anticipated negative social encounters. In addition, socially withdrawn individuals often exhibit right frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) asymmetry at baseline and when…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Cues, Young Adults, Withdrawal (Psychology)
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Moul, Caroline; Killcross, Simon; Dadds, Mark R. – Psychological Review, 2012
This article introduces a novel hypothesis regarding amygdala function in psychopathy. The first part of this article introduces the concept of psychopathy and describes the main cognitive and affective impairments demonstrated by this population; that is, a deficit in fear-recognition, lower conditioned fear responses and poor performance in…
Descriptors: Fear, Comparative Analysis, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Psychopathology
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Astill, Rebecca G.; Van der Heijden, Kristiaan B.; Van IJzendoorn, Marinus H.; Van Someren, Eus J. W. – Psychological Bulletin, 2012
Clear associations of sleep, cognitive performance, and behavioral problems have been demonstrated in meta-analyses of studies in adults. This meta-analysis is the first to systematically summarize all relevant studies reporting on sleep, cognition, and behavioral problems in healthy school-age children (5-12 years old) and incorporates 86 studies…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Children, Meta Analysis, Sleep
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Poppenk, Jordan; Norman, Kenneth A. – Neuropsychologia, 2012
Recent cognitive research has revealed better source memory performance for familiar relative to novel stimuli. Here we consider two possible explanations for this finding. The source memory advantage for familiar stimuli could arise because stimulus novelty induces attention to stimulus features at the expense of contextual processing, resulting…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Proverbs, Stimuli, Probability
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Babcock, Laura; Stowe, John C.; Maloof, Christopher J.; Brovetto, Claudia; Ullman, Michael T. – Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2012
It remains unclear whether adult-learned second language (L2) depends on similar or different neurocognitive mechanisms as those involved in first language (L1). We examined whether English past tense forms are computed similarly or differently by L1 and L2 English speakers, and what factors might affect this: regularity (regular vs. irregular…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Age, Second Language Learning, Adults
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Rutherford, Barbara J.; Mathesius, Jeffrey R. – Brain and Cognition, 2012
Difference between the brain's hemispheres in efficiency of intentional search of the mental lexicon with phonological, orthographic, and semantic strategies was investigated. Letter strings for lexical decision were presented at fixation, with a lateralized distractor to the LVF or RVF. Word results revealed that both hemispheres were capable of…
Descriptors: Evidence, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Phonology, Semantics
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Lupyan, Gary; Mirman, Daniel; Hamilton, Roy; Thompson-Schill, Sharon L. – Cognition, 2012
Humans have an unparalleled ability to represent objects as members of multiple categories. A given object, such as a pillow may be--depending on current task demands--represented as an instance of something that is soft, as something that contains feathers, as something that is found in bedrooms, or something that is larger than a toaster. This…
Descriptors: Evidence, Reading Difficulties, Stimulation, Classification
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Rossi, Sonja; Telkemeyer, Silke; Wartenburger, Isabell; Obrig, Hellmuth – Brain and Language, 2012
Investigating the neuronal network underlying language processing may contribute to a better understanding of how the brain masters this complex cognitive function with surprising ease and how language is acquired at a fast pace in infancy. Modern neuroimaging methods permit to visualize the evolvement and the function of the language network. The…
Descriptors: Sentences, Language Research, Spectroscopy, Infants
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Korinth, Sebastian Peter; Sommer, Werner; Breznitz, Zvia – Brain and Language, 2012
Little is known about the relationship of reading speed and early visual processes in normal readers. Here we examined the association of the early P1, N170 and late N1 component in visual event-related potentials (ERPs) with silent reading speed and a number of additional cognitive skills in a sample of 52 adult German readers utilizing a Lexical…
Descriptors: Reading Processes, Visual Stimuli, Silent Reading, Reading Rate
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Schaadt, Gesa; Pannekamp, Ann; van der Meer, Elke – Developmental Psychology, 2013
These days, illiteracy is still a major problem. There is empirical evidence that auditory phoneme discrimination is one of the factors contributing to written language acquisition. The current study investigated auditory phoneme discrimination in participants who did not acquire written language sufficiently. Auditory phoneme discrimination was…
Descriptors: Phonemes, Auditory Discrimination, Illiteracy, Adults
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Grossmann, Tobias – Infancy, 2013
It has long been thought that the prefrontal cortex, as the seat of most higher brain functions, is functionally silent during most of infancy. This review highlights recent work concerned with the precise mapping (localization) of brain activation in human infants, providing evidence that prefrontal cortex exhibits functional activation much…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Infants, Neurological Organization, Spectroscopy
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Direct linkDirect link
Lindell, Annukka K.; Kidd, Evan – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2013
Over the past decade the "neuro"marketing of educational products has become increasingly common. Researchers have however expressed concern about the misapplication of neuroscience to education marketing, fearing that consumers may be deceived into investing in apparently "brain-based" products under the misapprehension that…
Descriptors: Consumer Economics, Neurosciences, Neuropsychology, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Pages: 1  |  ...  |  149  |  150  |  151  |  152  |  153  |  154  |  155  |  156  |  157  |  ...  |  325