The first year of an ongoing 3-year study focused on the attitudes of Native American preservice teachers toward the inclusion of language and culture in schooling, how teacher preparation programs impact these attitudes, and components of teacher education programs that meet the needs of Native students. Data were gathered via surveys of 232…

This document shares a vision for a 4-year curriculum for Heritage Speakers of Spanish (HSS)/Spanish for Native Speakers (SNS), describing a course developed for SNS students within Mercy High School in San Francisco, California. The vision foresees an ever-increasing number of HSS and SNS students completing college level degree programs then…

The experiences of five California school districts in implementing English immersion instruction for all limited-English-speaking students are described and compared. The districts range from populous urban settings to small, isolated rural communities. The first part of the report profiles the five districts, and the second part sets forth three…

Siempre Adelante, a support organization for Central American and Mexican immigrants and refugees in Los Angeles, provided adult Spanish literacy classes inspired by Freire's practice of critical pedagogy. A 13-month ethnographic study of intermediate Spanish literacy classes examined how "critical student agency" was fostered or…

Examines two initiatives to revitalize Quechua, the language of the Incas: Bolivia's 1994 reform incorporating the provision of bilingual intercultural education; and a community-based effort to incorporate Quichua as a second language instruction in a school in Ecuador. Points out that census records and sociolinguistic studies document a…

Critiques the effectiveness of transitional bilingual education (TBE), focusing on the TBE program in Boston, Massachusetts. Also discusses alternatives to TBE, such as English as a Second Language pull-out programs and English immersion programs. (Contains 114 references.) (MDM)

Discusses the development of bilingual education policy in Britain from the 1960s to the present, focusing on assimilation versus pluralism, multicultural education, the 1985 Swann Report on education policy, and the role of English in the national curriculum. Argues that more needs to be done to promote bilingual education in Britain. (17…

Attributes the relatively high dropout rate among Welsh secondary school students to the educational processes within the comprehensive schools. Advocates extensive research into the nature of Welsh education and problems stemming from historical, socioeconomic, and political factors. Encourages policy formation that reflects Welsh rather than…

In recent decades, Quebec has been continuously examining its educational values, addressing in particular the effectiveness of traditional educational methods and curricula, role of institutional culture in academic success, and value placed on ethnic integration. Priority should be given to cognitive development and systematic evaluation but…

Describes the second-language and native language maintenance programs of Brunswick North Primary School (Australia), a school that offers its students opportunities to learn Turkish, Italian, Greek, or Arabic. An integrated curriculum ensures that students acquire or maintain a language other than English. (SLD)

Warm Springs Elementary School (Oregon) received national recognition for its model professional development program due to principal Dawn Smith's leadership. Reduction of teacher turnover and student misbehavior at the reservation school was followed by Title I and charter school status, and English-as-second language and American Indian language…

This report describes Project Progreso, a federally funded project that served 240 Spanish-speaking students of limited English proficiency in special education Modified Instructional Service classes in kindergarten through sixth grade in the Bronx, New York. Participating students received instruction in English as a Second Language (ESL), native…

In the last 5 to 10 years, various organizations and federal agencies have identified and given recognition to projects using exemplary educational practices with Indian student populations. This document describes 15 innovative, often grassroots, projects previously validated by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Office of Indian Education, or…

Students Upgrading through Computer and Career Education System Services (Project SUCCESS) was an Elementary and Secondary Education Act Title VII-funded project in its fourth year of operation. The project operated at two high schools in Brooklyn and one in Manhattan (New York). In the 1993-94 school year, the project served 393 students of…

This paper offers a general review of literature relating to the maintenance, development, and enhancement of Aboriginal languages in North America, particularly Canada. Drawing primarily on sociolinguistics, several concepts about language usage and change are outlined that are useful for the purposes of thinking about language maintenance. Next,…