Content analysis of children's Halloween costumes explored how children's fantasy dress reproduces and reiterates conventional gender messages. Both male and female costumes contained high proportions of heroes. Feminine costumes were clustered in a narrow range depicting traditional femininity, with higher proportions of animals and foodstuffs.…

Investigates the influence of childhood physical abuse and gender on intimacy. Results, based on 276 college students, indicate that nonabused respondents were significantly higher in intimacy than were abused respondents. No significant gender differences were found. Findings suggest that child abuse hinders children in forming intimate…

Reviews research on the cultural meaning of gender and suicidal behavior. Studies suggest that U. S. adolescents perceive nonfatal suicidal behavior as more "feminine" and less potent than killing oneself. Cultural and suicidal behavior may be particularly influential for adolescents because adolescents are in the process of defining their…

Applies an interpersonal approach to understand gender differences in television use--males are socialized to be instrumental in communication while females are socialized to be focused on relationships. Finds limited support that males had an instrumental TV viewing style. Finds females had a relationship-oriented approach to television similar…

Focuses on the female characters that mark Brazilian literature to elaborate a study about the condition of women, which is expressed by those characters' reading behavior. (PA)

Interviews with 20 women in governmental and nongovernmental organizations in Rio de Janeiro revealed the following: (1) formal education programs lacked courses on gender issues; (2) nonformal education was a potential source of gender awareness; and (3) informal education was the main source of gender awareness. (SK)

Nontraditional gender identity and expression have been ignored or pathologized in most school, agency, and family counseling settings. Transgenderist oppression is based on ignorance and fear of difference. Suggestions are given for counseling and advocacy using transgendered and gender-variant persons' strengths as a challenge to pathology-based…

Investigated how 50 preschoolers evaluated the appropriateness of excluding boys and girls from two types of activities and two types of future roles across different exclusion contexts. Found that straightforward gender-based exclusion was judged wrong. Decisions were justified on the basis of moral reasons. However, children used both moral and…

Examines children's spatial mobility in urban settings, particularly in the public realm, using data from a study of children living in contrasting urban environments. Notes declining independent use of public space, and variations on use by gender, ethnicity, and family culture. (JPB)

The goal of this study was to familiarize teachers with reform initiatives in science education and to chart their progress as change agents of gender equity in the classroom. Discusses teachers' reflections and dialogue concerning their conception changes of teaching and mathematics as they confront the issue of equitable practice. (Author/SAH)

Presents a response to "Gender Politics: The Focus on Women in the Memory Debates" (this issue). Encourages an activist orientation and response to the memory controversy on the part of professionals, especially those who specialize in working with abuse and trauma. Also encourages professionals to consider legitimate critiques, and to…

Explores the influences of gender issues in nursing education and makes recommendations for educators regarding self-awareness (self as gendered being, educator, researcher) and helping learners learn (finding voice, examining stories, providing support, creating hope). Concludes that nurses should share ways of coping with visible and invisible…

Observed and conducted discussions with female members of an elementary-level, mixed-gender, Australian chess club to investigate why girls left and boys came to dominate the club. Results indicated that both home values and schooling transmitted and reinforced inequalities between the sexes, though in more subtle and less overt forms than in the…

This theme issue examines the treatment of science, technology, and gender in educational research, presenting perspectives from mainland Europe, the United States, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. Articles focus on mainstreaming gender equality in science, interrogating the masculinist and heteronormative nature of elementary school science,…

A study of eight Swedish companies that reverted to previous forms of work organization shows how gender influences organizational change. The learning organization concept challenges gender order, but gender segregation and stereotypic gender-coding of work are strong mechanisms for reversing change and obstructing individual and organizational…