Discussion of human resource development (HRD) focuses on an exploratory study that attempted to identify key predictors of motivation to learn during training and motivation to transfer learning back to the workplace, as well as examine the relationship between the two variables. Presents conceptual frameworks for training transfer. (Author/LRW)

Describes a lesson on different world ecosystems in which activities are based on the constructivist approach to teaching that encourages learners to control their own learning. Includes a sample grading rubric and national science education standards related to these activities. (KHR)

Findings of the Danish Adult Education Research Project reveal adults' ambivalence about learning. Many adopt defensive strategies to avoid learning that challenges identity, are not inclined to learn unless it is personally meaningful, and take as much responsibility for learning as they want. These characteristics are not reflected in programs…

Discusses how human evolution affects the achievement of flow experiences, including the role of complexity, or people's need to take on a greater range of challenges and opportunities to increase their skill level. Describes evolutionary obstacles to complexity, such as genetic instructions to conserve energy, and ways to overcome these…

Hypothesized that orientations toward language learning (L2) as well as social support would influence students willingness to communicate (WTC) in a second language. Grade 9 L2 students of French immersion participated in the study. Results showed endorsement of all five orientations (travel, job related, friendship with Francophones, personal…

Examined the variables related to U.S. immigrants' long-term attainment in English, their second language (L2), and their native language (L1). Differences in language proficiency among different groups studied were associated with differences in language use, language learning motivation, and cultural identification between the two groups.…

Presents a review of recent studies on the influence of interest on textbook comprehension. States that most studies indicate that interest plays a significant part in text learning. Identifies objections to this, especially regarding deficits in conceptualizing and measuring interest. Educational implications for the construction of textbooks are…

Examines gender differences in fifth- and sixth-grade students' self-reports of confidence, motivation goals, and learning strategies in whole-class and small-group sessions. Overall, results reveal few gender differences and indicate that students report greater confidence and mastery motivation in small-group lessons. Contains 55 references.…

The Family Environment Scale was completed by 75 male and 83 female adult literacy participants. Those who considered their learning experience very successful were more likely to be from families that were united and cohesive, appreciated and valued intellectual and cultural activities, had concrete moral values, and exhibited less conflict and…

Interviews with 7 retired adults over 55 were thematically analyzed and coded, revealing their learning motivations to be either instrumental (meeting survival and personal effectiveness needs) or expressive (meaningful and purposeful). Needs and goals were related to adult developmental themes; learning was essential to increasing individual…

Thirty-seven university support staff made hypothetical decisions about enrolling in microcomputer training based on six variables. Younger employees were more likely to take such training and indicated higher valence than did older workers. Cost was significant for 84% of the subjects. (SK)

Responses from 249 people in a master of business administration program via distance learning in Hong Kong indicated they were motivated by future career development or achievement. Program choice was influenced by institutional reputation, curriculum, tuition, and delivery modes. Influences differed depending on the motivation. (SK)

Two approaches to training for small/medium-sized enterprises were compared: a British distance learning program and an Irish program offering face-to-face training for micro-enterprises. Both used constructivist, collaborative, and reflective methods. Advantages and disadvantages of each approach were identified. (SK)

Reflects on 25 years of adult basic education in Britain, finding progress in understanding the nature of adult learning needs, the conceptualization of literacy, teacher preparation, and educational opportunities. Identifies challenges in motivating adults to participate and improving the effectiveness of basic skills provision. (SK)

Using Walt Whitman's poetry, a chief executive officer's speech, and a first-grade teacher's experience, a high school teacher describes the transformation of her understanding of achievement and intelligence. She concludes that having high expectations does not mean the same goals for every student and that students learn best what they learn out…