Goodenough's (1976) findings on field dependence/independence are extended here by focusing on the information processing stages of attention, encoding in short term and working memories, and storage and retrieval processes of long term memory. The reviewed research indicates that field independent and dependent individuals differ in the ability…

This paper is the second of a series of three which attempt to integrate categories of description aimed at characterizing the experience of learning in terms of the logical relationships that exist between them. The description of the qualitatively different ways in which various aspects of reality are experienced and conceptualized, and the…

To examine learning disabled children's intrinsic-extrinsic motivational orientation to their schoolwork, 90 LD students in grades 3-7 were administered the Scale of Instrinsic vs. Extrinsic Orientation in the Classroom and the Perceived Competence Scale for Children. Items were read to the students and a short interview based on the students'…

The present study was designed to investigate the relationship of birth order to achievement motivation and achievement-related variables employing a random sample of students enrolled in the courses offered through the United States Armed Forces Institute (USAFI) in 1970. (Author)

Addresses engineering educators on the nature of motivation, how it operates, and how motivation is acquired and modified. (JR)

addresses the topic of managing motivation in Keller's Personalized System of Instruction (PSI). Outlines the reinforcing features that are at the foundation of PSI theory, and examines methods used to ensure that these reinforcing properties are fu lly utilized. (JR)

This study examined the selflearning and educational patterns of selected respondents in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania who have used library resources on a continuing basis. The content of learning projects emerged from real-life negotiations and ranged across the transactional environment. Episodes--consulting people, reading, browsing,…

This scholarly report critiques and analyzes material on factors affecting motivation of black children. Different aspects of research in the area are explored. Of particular interest is the research on task-liking. This research indicates that blacks and whites have been shown to assume the same degree of effort orientation toward tasks of high…

A general framework is presented to help understand the relationship between motivation and self-regulated learning. According to the framework, self-regulated learning can be facilitated by the adoption of mastery and relative ability goals and hindered by the adoption of extrinsic goals. In addition, positive self-efficacy and task value beliefs…

Importance of evaluation in the instructional process was discussed. Two models are presented; one outlines traditional instructional procedures and their impact on learners and the attribution of evaluations. A second model is offered which, by giving learners choices in the instructional process, can return evaluation to a meaningful diagnostic…

Calls for a careful examination of educational values, due to the lack of satisfaction and pride in the profession of foreign language teaching. The nonlinguistic outcomes of foreign language study are stressed. (Author/RM)

Slightly modified and shortened version of paper given at the TESOL convention (2nd, San Antonio, Texas, March 8, 1968).

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of student-preferred incentives across instructional tasks that varied in length and relatedness to course content. The first study was done to determine the effects of the opportunity to earn points toward the course grade. There were no differences between incentive and no-incentive…

VARIABLES INFLUENCING EFFECTIVE PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION WERE STUDIED WITHIN THE INTACT CLASSROOM STRUCTURE. LATER STUDIES FOCUSING ON EFFECTIVE PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION WILL APPROACH IT AS A MEANS OF INDIVIDUALIZATION OF INSTRUCTION. THIS SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS USES LINEAR PROGRAMS IN ARITHMETIC, SPELLING, AND GENERAL SCIENCE. FOR GRADE 1, ASPECTS…

THE USES OF OPERANT CONDITIONING TECHNIQUES IN A COLLEGE READING AND STUDY SKILLS CENTER ARE DISCUSSED IN RELATION TO RESEARCH FINDINGS. OPERANT TECHNIQUES WERE USEFUL IN GATHERING DATA ON STUDENT BEHAVIOR AS WELL AS IN INCREASING THE PRECISION OF THE DATA GATHERED. THE EFFECT OF THESE TECHNIQUES ON READING AND HANDWRITING RATE ARE DISCUSSED AND…