A study examined the production of lateral consonants in seven male university students bilingual in Spanish and Catalan who had studied French in elementary and secondary school. A questionnaire elicited information about the subjects' use of each language with parents, with friends, at home, and in school. Each subject then read a 775-word text…

A consultant and guest trainer implemented a practicum intervention designed to enable the graduation of 10 at-risk Latina women from a day care teacher training program. The trainees had been identified as being at-risk of dropping out of the program due to a lack of English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) and literacy skills, low self-esteem, and…

Project COM-TECH offered bilingual individualized instruction, using an enrichment approach, to Spanish- and Haitian Creole-speaking students with varying levels of English and native language proficiency and academic preparation. The program provided supplementary instruction in English as a Second Language (ESL); Native Language Arts (NLA); and…

The Bronx Computer Literacy and Methodologies of Bilingual Education Program for Vietnamese and Cambodian High School Students (Project CLIMB) served 221 students of limited English proficiency (LEP) at Christopher Columbus and Walton High Schools in the Bronx (New York City). The objectives of the program were to develop the students' academic…

The Career Awareness and Resource Education Program (Project CARE) served 425 limited English proficient students at two New York City high schools. The students, all Hispanic, were enrolled in English as a Second Language (ESL) classes, Native Language Arts Classes (NLA), and content area subjects. The program provided guidance, tutoring, and…

A discussion of bilingualism and second language learning distinguishes three types of bilingualism, namely, compound, coordinate, and sub-coordinate. A compound bilingual is an individual who learns two languages in the same environment so that he/she acquires one notion with two verbal expressions. A coordinate bilingual acquires the two…

Intended for use as a basis for lectures relating to bilingual education within a reading methods course, this instructional model provides educational strategies for use with bilingual children. Written in outline form, the first two parts of the model present a rationale and objectives for the course. The third part contains (1) an historical…

The Carpinteria school district in California has developed a model preschool program to bring Spanish-dominant preschool children up to a level of readiness for school that compares favorably with that of English-speaking children in the same community. That goal is achieved by developing skills in four major areas: Spanish language, cognition,…

The Minneapolis public elementary school program in Spanish is described. It was established in 1974 as a FLES program in kindergarten and first grade, later established as part of a fundamental school alternative, and recently expanded to a partial immersion program. Children ideally follow the program from kindergarten through sixth grade. A…

The Natural Approach to second language instruction has theoretical flaws and tends to reverse teaching methods that have been used successfully for many years. The approach exaggerates the presumed failure of previous language programs and ignores some important characteristics of children's language learning processes. It assumes that explicit…

A set of cultural awareness exercises is presented for students participating in an international exchange program. The guide includes four sections: pre-departure preparation, group orientation materials, an in-country guide to cultural observation, and a re-entry guide. The first section includes discussion of expectations, cultural values,…

This book surveys currently available software for English language learners and identifies future directions in the development of such software that are likely to prove fruitful. Discussed first are ways in which computers add to the learning experience. Stand-alone programs are compared with authoring systems, and "purpose-made" and…

A collection of papers on evaluation and testing in language learning and teaching for communicative competence includes: "Evaluation in Relation to Communicative Language Teaching" (Viljo Kohonen); "On Determining the Function and Quality of Language Tests" (Jan van Weeren); "On the Trail of Everyday Experience...The Individual Learner's…

A study of the kinds of educational services provided to limited English speaking students, how schools provide these services, factors shaping and guiding the programs, and instructional practices fostering the development of school-related language of bilingual students is summarized. The report is divided into two parts: (1) a descriptive study…

An intensive case study in learning a second foreign language, which is part of an applied linguistics course for teachers/teacher trainees offered at the University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa) is described. Attention is directed to: case study rationale and objectives; student orientation and preparation; and areas of focus and the…