Reviews empirical and theoretical writings showing how visual arts affect: growth of perception and awareness through use of the senses; clarification of styles of thought and their effect on personal expression; inventiveness and general problem-solving ability; feelings of confidence and self-worth; and general learning motivation and success.…

Reviews major findings on the relationship of attitudes and motives to second language learning, proposes a framework within which other psychological variables may be considered, and urges the consideration of nonverbal variables involved in cross-cultural communication. (Author/AM)

A review of research on obstacles to participation in adult education in Finland reveals that the chief hindrances are attitudes toward learning, time, geographic location, and family and work situations. The effects of these hindrances upon participants and nonparticipants vary according to employment status, age, and sex. (SK)

The Tanzanian government has made a major commitment to its National Literacy Programme as a strategy for national development. Goals of the program are the eradication of illiteracy, self-reliance in solving economic and social problems, and lifelong education. To deal effectively with the problem of learner motivation, the program links literacy…

The Junior Index of Motivation (JIM) Scale was translated and administered to 363 Hungarian students, aged 11-14. Teacher ratings of individuals' motivation and data on achievement, creativity, and intelligence were also collected. Results confirmed the JIM Scale's reliability and showed academic motivation correlates similar to those found by…

This review of the literature on tuition assistance programs reveals that many companies sponsor adult learning programs, either as a training tool or a fringe benefit, but few employees take advantage of the opportunities. (SK)

Studies the research and other literature on "special care" children and its implications for practice. Concentrates on studies concerning the most severely handicapped children, but also makes use of work on children less severely handicapped, where there are clear possible ways of applying the work to the most severely handicapped. (Author/CT)

The development of an inventory of approaches to studying, undertaken at the University of Lancaster, is reported. Concepts such as motivation, study behavior, styles, and strategies are considered, the inventory scale is defined, and relationships between study strategies and academic performance are discussed. (Author/JMD)

Being able to learn on one's own requires independence of thought and implies that a student be able to develop inquiry and interest without being guided, helped, led, or motivated by a teacher. (JD)

No matter how well teachers plan or present a lesson, the final evaluation of its success or failure rests in the decision of the individual student who decides what he considers worth listening to, what worth trying, and what worth remembering for future use. (JD)

Explores the rationale for learning centers, outlines steps in using this approach, and describes pupil-evaluation techniques. Illustrates concretely how a teacher can phase in the use of learning centers. (BF/JH)

Tests indicate that providing sufficient opportunities for involvement in physical activities is influential in promoting and maintaining positive attitudes toward development of motor skills in children. (JD)

Describes and interprets what 65 elementary and secondary classroom teachers revealed about the techniques and importance of generating student interest in content areas. Finds that generating interest was considered a major aspect of teaching, and the most successful technique was "hands on" activities, including doing, planning, and…

Discusses the similarities in learning outcomes from two very different environments: a research group and a problem-solving course. Provides examples that characterize the two environments and that point to similarities in outcomes. Speculates about why such similarities exist. (DDR)

Discusses the need to initiate intrinsic motivation in Japanese students in online higher education. Presents an overview of the online education process with constructivist learning theory, including various learning interactions; and describes sub-types of personal intrinsic motivation including challenge, fantasy, and curiosity. (Contains 62…