Functional and structural relationship alternatives to the standard "F"-test for analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) are discussed for cases when the covariate is measured with error. An approximate statistical test based on the functional relationship approach is preferred on the basis of Monte Carlo simulation results. (SLD)

Some examinees' test-taking behavior may be so idiosyncratic that their test scores are not comparable to those of more typical examinees. A new theoretical approach to appropriateness measurement is proposed that specifies a likelihood ratio test and an efficient computer algorithm for computing the test statistic. (TJH)

Examines the degree of fidelity required of a computer simulation to ensure maximum transfer of training. Simulators used in the military services for training pilots are described; relationships between fidelity, transfer, and cost are explored; and feedback to the student and measures of training effectiveness are discussed. (nine references)…

Described is a computer program, AQUASIM, which simulates interaction between environmental factors, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish in an aquatic ecosystem. The conceptual flow, equations, variables, rate processes, and parameter manipulations are discussed. (CW)

Using the constant information model, constant amounts of test information, and a finite interval of ability, simulated data were produced for 8 ability levels and 20 numbers of test items. Analyses suggest that it is desirable to consider modifying test information functions when they measure accuracy in ability estimation. (SLD)

In 2 experiments, 162 high- and low-spatial ability students viewed a computer-generated animation and heard a concurrent or successive explanation. The concurrent group generated more creative solutions to transfer problems and demonstrated a contiguity effect consistent with dual-coding theory. (SLD)

A study of 61 high school biology students found that Interactive Video Disk (IVD) simulation was as effective as actual frog dissection in promoting student learning of frog anatomy and dissection procedures. When used as a preparation for dissection, IVD simulation helped students perform better dissections and learn more from doing dissections.…

Describes the origination of the journal, "Simulation & Games" as an outgrowth of the Academic Games Project at Johns Hopkins University in the late 1960s. The Project developed simulation games, pretested them, performed teacher training, and compared the effects with traditional pedagogy. Discusses the planning and implementation…

The impact of capitalizing on chance in item selection on the accuracy of test information functions was studied through simulation, focusing on examinee sample size in item calibration and the ratio of item bank size to test length. (SLD)

Describes and evaluates seven computer simulation games that help students learn about United States history, geography, and other cultural groups living in the United States. These simulations help students learn by having them experience life as an explorer of an unknown land that is now part of the United States. Program evaluations are…

Presents potential uses of cinegrams for self-directed learning; shows how these interactive animated diagrams for technical documentation and training serve as browsing tools for the exploration of interrelated engine subsystems. Describes the development of a cinegram prototype implemented in HyperCard that shows the oil system of a Rolls Royce…

Defines instructional roles of dynamic visual displays (DVDs), including animation and interactive video, and provides guidelines for using them in media-based instruction. Topics addressed include theoretical bases; examples of strategic applications of DVDs; six instructional conditions for using DVDs; and considerations for the design and…

Explains the Intelligent Maintenance Training System that allows a nonprogramming subject matter expert to produce an interactive graphical model of a complex device for computer simulation. Previous simulation-based training systems are reviewed; simulation algorithms are described; and the student interface is discussed. (Contains 24…

Discusses situated learning and virtual reality, focusing on the pedagogical aspects of the technology and its importance in achieving a learning environment which challenges and supports effective learning. (AEF)

Examines simulator classification and design in light of new technology, current research, and a changing focus for using flight simulators in the military, and proposes a selective task trainer that addresses the expert's performance needs. Highlights include motor skill physiology; retention; automaticity skills; the novice to expert…