This article examines the use of multi-modal augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) with individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities. It also reviews instructional strategies for developing conditional use of aided and unaided AAC. A case study of an adolescent boy illustrates the acquisition of aided and unaided AAC…

This article describes Gemini, an augmentative and alternative communication device that is also a full-featured Macintosh computer. The Gemini is designed to help individuals of all ages with learning, communication, or computer access difficulties to lead more independent lives. The benefits of Gemini are highlighted, including its weight of…

As aberrant behavior is often recognized as the number one form of communication, it becomes imperative that as parents, teachers, and educators we must address and systematically teach or provide all children with an effective means of communication. While many augmentative and alternative communication systems such as manual sign language and…

Three young children with severe, multiple disabilities were taught to utilize a voice output communication aid (VOCA) to request access to preferred items and/or peers during play activities. Acquisition of VOCA use resulted from a naturalistic intervention strategy that consisted of creating communication opportunities, prompting the participant…

This paper uses a case study of the inclusion of a deaf-blind child with cognitive disabilities to explain principles of applying assistive technology in inclusive educational settings. The 12-year-old's progress from a special school four years previously to full inclusion is recounted with emphasis on use of such adaptive equipment as adapted…

This paper describes the development of a new technique for augmentative and alternative communication text input, commercially known as T9. T9 stands for "typing with 9 keys." The basic T9 technology is designed so that 3 or 4 letters are printed on each of 7 keys, and an 8th key is used as an unambiguous "space" key. Each keystroke designating a…

Claims that school psychologists will increasingly be called upon to help select electronic augmentative and alternative communication devices in developing individual education plans for special needs children. Reviews assessment factors which must be considered and provides a self-checklist to help school psychologists develop and conduct…

Three children (ages 3-4) with disabilities were successfully taught functional communication behaviors using select augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices. Acquisition of AAC behaviors resulted from an intervention strategy that included creating communicative opportunities, providing a peer or teacher model of the behavior,…

This article reviews evidence regarding the role of speech-generating devices (SGDs) and talking word processing software in supporting independent spelling in children with autism. Two studies support the importance of assessing the relative benefits of feedback modes for individual learners with autism rather than assuming SGDs should supply…

This study of four students (ages 10-13) with mental retardation evaluated a combination audio/visual self-prompting system with an electronic, augmentative communication device that uses picture overlays and recorded speech to increase independent task completion. Results indicated a substantial difference in performance when the self-prompting…

This article explores how use or nonuse of augmentative and alternative communication can be affected by the ongoing development and interaction of a child's identity through various cultural milieu. It examines the student's role in the selection and use of devices and the effects of family, school, and community. (Contains references.) (CR)

This position statement by the National Joint Committee for the Communication Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities addresses access to communication services. It states that eligibility for communication services should be based on individual needs and argues that eligibility determination based on a priori criteria violate recommended…

In the first of 2 studies, 7 subjects with severe mental retardation (ages 6-20) using augmentative communication produced untaught symbol combinations resembling those of young speaking language learners. The second study found that modeled combinations did not resemble the subjects' productions, suggesting the augmented communicators used…

The communication skills of 13 youth with moderate or severe mental retardation were compared while they communicated with a "standard partner" with and without access to their augmented communication devices. With the devices, subjects communicated more information, more clearly, and more specifically than without the devices. (DB)

This study examined the context and interaction variables associated with communication reciprocity with five adolescents with physical and/or cognitive disabilities using augmentative/alternative communication (AAC) systems and their nondisabled peers. Clusters of context/interaction patterns related to more balanced communication were…