Cost effectiveness analysis is used in situations where benefits and costs are not readily converted into a money base. Five elements can be identified in such an analytic process: (1) The objective must be defined in terms of what it is and how it is attained; (2) alternatives to the objective must be clearly definable; (3) the costs must be…

This document presents a 143-item bibliography concerning program planning budgeting systems and decision making, budgeting, and planning within the context of higher education. Citations are categorized according to books, articles, monographs, reports, and other sources. (MJM)

This is a collection of 16 articles on zero-based budgeting (ZBB), dealing primarily with the practice as it occurs in the states. Included is a lengthy report on ZBB practices in the states based on a survey conducted by the National Association of State Budget Officers and the Congressional Research Service. (IRT)

This document is the text of a Senate bill to extend and revise the Library Services and Construction Act. The amendments update and correct budget amounts, dates which are extended to 1982, and definitions. Clauses are added concerning major urban resource libraries. (Author/KP)

Congress created the District of Columbia Tuition Assistance Grant (DCTAG) program in 1999 to provide D.C. college-bound residents with greater choices among institutions of higher education by affording them the benefits of in-state tuition at state colleges and universities outside the District of Columbia. Congress appropriated $17 million…

The purposes of this article are to assess the present status of planning-programming-budgeting systems in education and to offer operational illustrations to those who wish to install certain aspects of PPBS in their school districts. (Author)

Applying Planning Programming Budgeting Systems (PPBS) to education, particularly to school media programs, is not essentially different from PPBS in the Pentagon. (Author)

The program budget is seen as usually measuring the cost of resources used in a program, but it is suggested that it should be extended to measure and evaluate program quality. Types of budgets, building a budget, politics of budgeting, and budgeting for quality are discussed. (Author/MLW)

The effectiveness of using a computer to identify problems, allocate resources, and plan expansion in recreational programs is discussed. (JD)

This publication is part of a series of tools and resources on financing and sustaining youth programming. These tools and resources are intended to assist policy makers, program developers and community leaders in developing innovative strategies for implementing, financing and sustaining effective programs and policies. This brief highlights six…

Few principals claim to be technology experts. Most aspire to design a map that leads their schools to success with educational technology. However, the key to success on the journey is not knowing everything or becoming a technology expert. It is about asking the right questions, exploring the answers to those questions, and creating a road map…

A school budget is a planning document that links financial decisions to educational policy. This booklet is a brief overview of how such budgets are derived in California. It is intended for new administrators, school board members, and interested teachers, parents, and community members who wish to learn about school budgeting and become more…

This case study manual, designed for undergraduate or graduate students studying the area of parks and recreation fiscal management, considers the practical, critical skills of budgeting techniques. The manual deals with the most common budgeting styles in a step-by-step approach with case study exercises. Each chapter includes an introduction to…

This manual is divided into three modules designed for use in a self-teaching situation. The first module presents a philosophical discussion of financing community education. The traditional model, requiring subordination of community education goals to the goals of the funding agency, is contrasted with an alternative model that establishes…