Systems descriptions vary in two essential ways. First, they vary in terms of the kinds of behaviors used in describing the system. Second, they vary in terms of the way the data are handled. The analysis of interaction patterns in dyads, groups, and larger systems has been difficult to describe. In this paper, an attempt is made to present a…

The hypothesis that individual differences in psychological differentiation are related to the perceptions of the independence of leadership behaviors was tested. After viewing a supervisor-subordinate interaction sequence on closed circuit television tape, subjects responded to questionnaires measuring their perception/judgments of the…

Following the reasoning of "expectation states theory", the present study was designed to answer three questions: (1) Is the task orientation of males and females different when they work on a task together? (2) Is the task orientation of males and females working on a task, separately, different? and, (3) If there are differences, will status…

The effects of physical attractiveness, warmth, and sex of an adult model on imitation behavior of adult males and females were investigated. Subjects were randomly paired with confederates of low or high facial attractiveness who interacted with the subject in a cold-unfriendly or warm-friendly manner. The imitation task involved the confederate…

Selected aspects of Kenneth Burke's "dramatistic" model of symbolic interaction were operationalized to describe and compare verbal patterns in transactions between five pairs of friends and five pairs of strangers. Based on Altman and Taylor's social penetration theory, it was predicted that interactants would display verbal patterns unique to…

The purpose of this book is to present information about communicating in terms of "if-then" propositions that are based on scientific study. The book consists of two sections--Communication Behavior and Communication Experiments. The chapters in the first section of this book consider relationships, messages, information diffusion, and achieving…

Time spent in contact with academic course materials as a function of two testing schedules was measured using college undergraduates in an introductory Educational Psychology course. A multi-manipulation single organism design was employed with all subjects enabling both individual and group analysis. A study room equipped with an adjacent…

This research is primarily concerned with discovering how children's behavior (in relation to altruistic giving) is affected by the verbal advice and behavioral example of a same-sex model on a television screen. The subjects were a group of 600 children drawn from first through fifth grade. They were placed in a situation in which they could give…

This paper contrasts the behavioral and non-behavioral approaches to counseling, particularly the interview process. A brief discussion of basic theoretical assumptions is included. In behavioral counseling, the relationship can best be characterized as collaboration, and unlike non-behaviorists, the behavioral counselor can assist his client to…

This paper discusses a variety of intervention strategies for altering unemployment and resultant unadaptive behaviors. Goal setting, counterconditioning contingency management and consultation are focused upon. The article concludes with a brief discussion of the external system of employers, and the internal system within the counselors own…

Emotional problems may be the motivation for many students to seek help at a college reading and study skills center. Many students appear to show actual physical and psychological discomfort when involved in the act of reading and studying. If tension creates a problem, then one would like to determine (1) how the student learned to be tense when…

The validity of the Self-Disclosure Inventory and of the theoretical framework in which Jourard sets self-disclosure was investigated. Sixty-seven male and fifty-one female college students from various fraternity and sorority organizations were used as subjects. The Self-Disclosure Inventory for the extent of disclosure to the subject's best…

This book contains papers and commentaries thereon from the International Seminar on the Description and Measurement of Bilingualism, which was attended by linguists, psychologists and sociologists representative of a wide range of scientific and intellectual insights. Topics covered are: (1) How and when do persons become bilingual? (2) How can…

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences between students who profit from compensatory education programs and those who do not. The study looked at family systems, family interactions, and individual children's behavior from a point of view that subsumes cognitive and communicational style variables which differ from the framework…

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the Internal External (I-E) control construct and time utilization on a test of verbal ability. A total of 148 college students participated in the study, 63 of whom were assigned to the experimental group. All subjects took two tests: the I-E Scale, and a multiple choice test of…