Describes an experiment measuring response latency which required subjects to make a word-nonword decision in response to a visually presented item. (AM)

A study was conducted to explore the effect of systematically modifying story structure propositions and pronoun antecedents on monolingual, English-speaking students. The study was a replication of earlier work that had involved bilingual students. Thirty fourth-grade students were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Those in the first…

A one year descriptive study investigated the strategies used by a group of competent beginning readers who were learning to read in a program in which text reading was the main instructional task. Subjects included 52 six-year-old children attending 20 randomly selected schools in Auckland, New Zealand. Strategy usage in oral reading was related…

A study was conducted to test the thesis that teaching word recognition skills in a manner compatible with the learner's auditory or visual modality preference would facilitate beginning reading instruction. A group of 62 students in two first grade classrooms was studied; one class stressed the presentation of words as whole units, the other…

The reading achievement of 31 male juvenile delinquents was analyzed and compared to previous reading research on similar subjects. The subjects were nine learning disabled students, five emotionally handicapped students, five educable mentally handicapped students, and twelve students who were in the process of being evaluated for special…

Traditionally, reading disabled children have been characterized as suffering a performance or process deficit that prevents them from acquiring the knowledge and skills underlying proficient reading and comprehension. Such explanations raise some logical problems. Process oriented theories do not adequately explain the specificity nor address the…

A study was conducted to investigate the ability of children to determine meanings of derived words that have undergone a pronunciation shift while retaining a close orthographic relationship to their base words. A researcher-designed test was constructed using derived words that had their base word included in a "core list" of words at or below…

This paper presents three viewpoints of the coding of language in English spelling: the classical view (that letters are a code for phonemes but that English spelling contains much irregularity), the revolutionary position (that letters do not code phonemes at all), and the eclectic view (that English spelling does code phonemes but that it also…

This master's thesis examines the utility of Edward Fry's 23 syllabication generalizations. To validate these rules, two sets of one thousand words each were selected, one set containing "easy" words taken from the Word Frequency Book, the second set containing "hard" words taken randomly from the Thorndike Barnhart Advanced…

As a contribution to research on the reading behavior of adult beginning readers, two experiments were performed with adults reading on the first, second, and third grade levels. The experiments sought to determine whether the pattern of developing strategies in these adults differed from evolving patterns in children learning to read; differences…

This paper describes the types of stories in the second year of the Southwest Regional Laboratory (SWRL) Reading Program and contains specifications for each type of story. The stories are described in terms of their characters and plot content, procedures for selecting new-word content, and word-usage and story-length specifications. This…

This curriculum guide provides a systematic sequence of experiences in the language arts for students in kindergarten trhough the ninth grade. The guide is organized in two main sections: (1) A Continuum of Skills, with divisions on decoding, critical skills in factual material and literature, handwriting, spelling, and grammar; and (2) Child…

The topic of illiteracy in the United States is discussed by five people in this transcript of "Options on Education." These five, each of whom approaches illiteracy in a different way, are George Weber, Associate Director of the Council for Basic Education; Mike Smith, Director for Essential Skills of the National Institute of…

A rule-based model is proposed of how children learn to decode as they gain experience in reading. The model is based on data gathered from pronunciation errors of words presented in isolation. An analysis of the errors reveals that different kinds of errors are made by children at different ability levels. Less able readers make errors that…

Two sources of information are involved in reading; the visual information picked up by the eyes from the printed page and the nonvisual information, or prior knowledge, that the reader possesses. An overreliance on visual information leads to an overloading of the cognitive process involved in reading and loss in comprehension. Overreliance on…