The National Record of Achievement (NRA) is a standard folder containing information sheets that allow individuals in the United Kingdom (U.K.) to summarize their achievements and manage their learning and development in a nationally recognized format. Employer awareness and use of NRAs was examined through a telephone survey of 487 U.K. employers…

Britain's National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) are work qualifications that measure what an employee or potential employee can do as well as how much he or she knows and understands about a particular job. Used as written proof of usable workplace skills that can be put to profitable use by an employer, NVQs range from basic Level 1, for…

This document presents literature review findings that provide background information on the director credentialing effort. Findings show that the director's role is essential to program quality and that director experience correlates with quality for children and their families. Research suggests training needs and the competencies or attributes…

This trends and issues paper considers the emerging presence of credentialing programs in the health, leisure, and movement professions in which such diverse occupations as health education teachers, aerobics instructors, exercise physiologists, dance therapists, community park managers, intramural directors, and military fitness instructors are…

In "The Research University of the Future," the first of five papers compiled here, Kenneth R. R. Gros Louis chronicles the history of research universities with emphasis on the past two decades and discusses issues and concerns related to the future of the university as well as the research library. In the second paper, "The Future…

A reference guide to laws, rules, and regulations that govern dentistry and dental hygiene practice in New York State is presented. In addition to identifying licensing requirements/procedures for dentists and dental hygienists, general provisions of Title VIII of the Education Law are covered, along with state management, professional misconduct,…

This manual provides guidelines for setting up employment skills training activities for the chronically unemployed, focusing on the establishment of a system to provide credentials for training. Following introductory material on the types and characteristics of credentials and the steps in establishing linkages with appropriate organizations and…

Adults learn from many sources, such as volunteer work, community services, homemaking, jobs, and other activities, and they increasingly want this learning to be recognized so that they can reenter the job market, get a promotion, or return to college. Therefore, scientific methods have been developed to help adults document their experiential…

The project's purpose of eliminating major obstacles blocking career advancement of human service paraprofessionals was achieved through a developed model allowing new options for upgrading workers in three occupations: Addiction services, child development, and occupational therapy. The policies and practices of educational institutions,…

The purposes of this conference were to clarify the role of health educators, to identify institutional responsibilities in credentialing health educators, to examine the credentialing process as it applies to the preparation of health educators, and to establish criteria for the entry-level health educator. Participants, health educators from…

The emergence of the field of labor studies in both undergraduate and graduate programs, its struggle for acceptance within academe, and its effects within the labor movement are studied. Particular emphasis is given to the impact of the credentials issues on the character of the American union, which has traditionally prized experience rather…

Guidelines for the recruitment of foreign students to U.S. schools and difficulties that may be encountered are outlined in this pamphlet. Certain professional obligations are discussed that must be considered before a final decision is made to select and admit more foreign students or to substantially increase the number that is already enrolled.…

These essays concentrate on the challenge that adult education faces in helping the urban poor develop meaningful paraprofessional careers in the human services. In one essay, the reformist approach to improving access to credentials is compared with the radical approach, which questions the validity of the credentials process as well as its…

The basic question addressed in this monograph is whether credentialing the preservice or inservice school based teacher educator is necessary and/or desirable. To study this question, a series of related issues were posed and investigated: (1) Is there a need for credentialing? (2) What institution would award the credential, and should…

In the continuing effort to raise the academic performance of public schools, improving teacher retention could be an important strategy for California. Keeping new teachers in the classroom could improve academic performance, because experienced teachers are, on average, more effective at raising student test scores. Better retention of teachers…