The results showed that while the children with bilateral OME did not differ in terms of background characteristics, they were significantly disadvantaged in speech articulation ability, verbal comprehension, motor development, and intelligence. They also had significantly more behavior problems. (Author)

Defining a numeric database as a computer-readable collection of data predominantly numeric in nature, this article reviews techniques and technologies having a positive influence on the growth of numeric databases, such as videotex, mini- and microcomputers, artificial intelligence, improved software, telecommunications, and office automation.…

Discusses a class of artificial intelligence computer programs (often called "expert systems" because they address problems normally thought to require human specialists for their solution) intended to serve as consultants for decision making. Also discusses accomplishments (including information systematization in medical diagnosis and…

When administered to 87 boys and 53 girls in screening procedures, significant score correlations between Quick Test and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised intelligence quotients and between the Wide Range Achievement Test Reading scores indicated that Quick Test is an effective tool for making valid brief estimates of intelligence.…

Scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT) from 250 children were factor analyzed. Results offered support for interpreting WISC-R scores in terms of verbal and performance scales and for interpreting WRAT scores as a separate achievement factor. (Author/HLM)

Distribution of behavior disturbance in the childhood and postschool years was examined for a five-year birth cohort of mentally retarded young adults. Differences were noted for higher and lower IQ levels, age, and sex. Approximately 60 percent had some behavior disturbance in childhood and young adulthood. (CL)

Examined the efficacy of the McCarthy Scales as a predictor of reading readiness and achievement in a kindergarten sample (N=33). Results confirmed the predictive validity of the McCarthy Scales and suggested that, for this sample, visual discrimination and sequential ability skills may have been more important factors than verbal abilities.…

Evaluated the test bias of the Verbal IQ as measured by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised in relation to predictions of academic achievement in two different socioeconomic status groups. Results indicated that Verbal IQs are not biased with respect to socioeconomic status. (Author)

Intellectually superior students were praised verbally after their responses to the WISC-R questions, or were given neutral comments. The verbal praise procedure generally was associated with weaker predictive power. Findings were discussed in light of academic functioning under normal classroom conditions and potential behavior in an optimal…

A model is tested of the determinants of educational attainment among peasants on Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, involving family background, personal characteristics (including IQ), and years of schooling available. Results indicate that the model explains much of the variance in educational attainment, and that IQ is only a minor determinant. (RW)

A study was done to examine whether certain observed play behaviors of young children might show relationships to scores of assessments of cognitive constructs. The investigation sought to determine the extent to which responses related to such behaviors as pretend play, sense of humor, acts of aggression, and talkativeness. (JN)

Examined the view that White examiners impair the intelligence-test performance of Black children. Research literature clearly refutes the existence of race-of-examiner effects and indicates Black children's performance is not enhanced by examinations in Black dialect. Reasons for the persistence of the race-of-examiner myth are discussed. (Author)

Speech recognition by computers is discussed, including methods of recognizing isolated words and procedures for analyzing connected speech. Describes Bell Laboratories' speech recognition system which attempts to combine major elements of human communication into a single operating unit. (DS)

Reader responses to an article by Benbow and Stanley in the December, 1980 issue are presented. The letters are followed by a response by the authors of the original article, who clarify points and stress the magnitude of the sex difference uncovered in their research. (MP)

Describes kinds of results achieved by computer programs in artificial intelligence. Topics discussed include heuristic searches, artificial intelligence/psychology, planning program, backward chaining, learning (focusing on Winograd's blocks to explore learning strategies), concept learning, constraint propagation, language understanding…