The case study of a six-year-old nonspeaking girl with severe cerebral palsy demonstrated the effectiveness of intervention with augmentative and alternative communication methods. Both picture symbol communication and functional speech emerged and the child, initially believed to be mentally retarded, was determined to be of normal intelligence.…

Fifty-six school psychologists reviewed a hypothetical case study designed to investigate their interpretations of different norm-referenced test scores. Subjects were more likely to recommend special education programs for normal students when percentile scores were used. School psychologists need to become more familiar with the properties of…

This paper describes efforts to establish ungraded classes for mildly retarded children in New York City from 1900-1920, focusing on struggles to find and train qualified teachers, correctly identify children to be served, and provide ample classroom space. The introduction of intelligence testing is also examined. (Author/JDD)

Discusses intelligent computer assisted instruction (ICAI) and presents various models of learning which have been proposed. Topics discussed include artificial intelligence; intelligent tutorial systems; tutorial strategies; learner control; system design; learning theory; and knowledge representation of proper and improper (i.e., incorrect)…

Describes two expert programs including "One-Row NIM" and "TIC-TAC-TOE." Provides two programs written with BASIC and the explanations of the program. (YP)

Provided is an overview and analysis of recent progress in applying electronic information technology to creation of new environments for intellectual work in mathematics. Describes the impact of numerical computation, graphic computation, symbolic computation, multiple representation of information, programing and information, and artificial…

A meta-analysis of research on the relationship between inspection time (IT) and IQ was performed. The analysis was designed to determine whether a non-zero relationship between IT and IQ exists, estimate the size of this relationship, and test whether IT is ontogenetically related to "g" (intelligence). (TJH)

Describes the computer program labeled ERVING which teaches students to reason sociologically using E. Goffman's classic dramaturgical perspective. Suggests that artificial intelligence programs offer a means for developing instructional models for the social sciences which are not amenable to a quantitative approach. (KO)

Asks whether the computer is another channel of communication, if its interactive qualities make it an information source, or if it is an undefined hybrid. Concludes that computers are neither the medium nor the source but will in the future provide the possibility of a sophisticated interaction between human intelligence and artificial…

The differences between learning disabled (LD) and non-LD children's problem-solving protocols were analyzed during a picture arrangement task. Although the groups of 29 LD and 27 non-LD children were comparable in global mental processing and task performance, LD children had difficulty with representing problems and deleting irrelevant…

The nature of differences in performance on the third revision of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale (Form L-M) was assessed for two independent samples of Black (n=86) and White (n=86) preschoolers matched for parental education, age, and sex. Large differences, favoring White children, were found. Test bias is discussed. (TJH)

Discusses the problem of creativity in physics education, focusing on A-level (advanced level) and bachelor of education students. Reviews results indicating low performance in creativity tests by the two groups and suggests that many educational institutions are not enhancing the development of natural talent. (LS)

Seven experiments with a total of 423 three-five year olds assessed preschool children's ability to learn and transfer across problems that share a common underlying structure but differ in surface manifestations. Results are discussed in terms of explanation- or analysis-based models of both machine and human learning. (TJH)

Describes an artificial intelligence system known as SOAR that approximates a theory of human cognition. Discusses cognition as problem solving, working memory, long term memory, autonomy and adaptability, and learning from experience as they relate to artificial intelligence generally and to SOAR specifically. Highlights the status of the…

An auditory inspection time (AIT) test, pitch discrimination tests, and verbal and non-verbal mental ability tests were administered to 59 undergraduates and 119 12-year-old school children. Results indicate that AIT correlations with intelligence are due to AIT being an index of information intake speeds. (TJH)