Mathematics games are widely employed in school classrooms for such reasons as a reward for early finishers or to enhance students' attitude towards mathematics. During a four week period, a total of 222 Grade 5 and 6 (9 to 12 years old) children from Melbourne, Australia, were taught multiplication and division of decimal numbers using calculator…

This work addresses the subject of mathematics education at secondary schools from a current and stimulating point of view intimately related to computational science. Cryptology is a captivating way of introducing into the classroom different mathematical subjects such as functions, matrices, modular arithmetic, combinatorics, equations,…

Borrowing the concept of story grammar from reading comprehension literature, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of teaching "word problem (WP) story grammar" on arithmetic WP solving that emphasizes the algebraic expression of mathematical relations in conceptual models. Participants were five students in Grades 4 and 5 with or…

The purpose of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a flash card intervention for fluency in basic math facts. The rate of recall of addition facts was assessed for an, 8-year-old third grader who had ADHD. The tutoring program involved a structured flashcard drill with systematic reinforcement. A scaffold was built in to the intervention…

This book has as its major focus the comprehensive assessment of children's early numerical knowledge and strategies and their advancement. Practical and theoretical aspects of assessment are explained in detail. A major feature of the book is a learning framework in early number that is applied in analyzing the results of assessment and planning…

During the twentieth century, major changes occurred in conception of arithmetic as a school subject. These changes resulted from both the study of arithmetic itself and from influences from movements and developments outside the subject matter; and they have affected both the content of arithmetic and the methodology of presenting that content to…

The modular exponentiation, y[equivalent to]x[superscript k](mod n) with x,y,k,n integers and n [greater than] 1; is the most fundamental operation in RSA and ElGamal public-key cryptographic systems. Thus the efficiency of RSA and ElGamal depends entirely on the efficiency of the modular exponentiation. The same situation arises also in elliptic…

This article describes how children learn the basic addition and subtraction facts, why many have difficulty mastering these basic skills, and what teachers can do to prevent or overcome these learning difficulties.

This article reports the results of a questionnaire applied to secondary school students (n=35) to explore efficiency in the resolution of equations in the domain of whole numbers and the spontaneous responses to problems leading to negative solutions. The most significant results obtained with the questionnaire are the lack of knowledge of the…

Relating natural language to mathematical language is an important component of elementary mathematics education. This paper describes new steps toward a computerized database of addition and subtraction word problems that could provide teachers and students with access to critical natural language terms and expressions for mathematical…

This book aims to present helpful, practical ideas and suggestions for mathematics teaching. Focus is on how teaching can be developed in a Rudolf Steiner (Waldorf) School and includes treatment of mathematical topics applicable to the 7-14 age group. Suggestions for curriculum and examples for children to work on are presented with a very wide…

This six month study investigated the similarities and differences between 137 fourth graders' understanding of and reasoning about multiplication, division, and proportion tasks. All students were administered a pretest mid-year and a posttest at the end of year. A sample of 18 students was interviewed individually on tasks involving reasoning…

This study assessed estimation skills on both static and transformation (conservation) tasks on numerosities ranging from 3 to 16, and included addition and subtraction trials to control for response bias. A total of 148 four- and five-year-old children estimated the number of balls of yarn sewn on elastic straps, and participated in 1 addition, 1…

The impact of summer vacation on the reading and arithmetic skills of 166 learning disabled pupils (6 to 11 years old) was examined. Ss included pupils in resource programs or special classes. Analysis of scores on the Wide Range Achievement Test (reading and arithmetic subtests) before and after summer vacation revealed significant differences in…

Authors analyzed the merits of focusing on the three R's and how each of those skills compared with the other as a priority for student development. (RK)