It has been suggested that males perform better than females in mathematics after ninth grade because more males than females enroll in advanced mathematics courses in high school. However, factors other than enrollment may be involved. Therefore, this study investigated whether the performance of males (B=500) and females (N=500) was different in…

Designed to accompany a series of videotapes, this textbook provides information, examples, problems, and solutions relating to mathematics and its applications in technical fields. Chapter I deals with basic arithmetic, providing information on fractions, decimals, ratios, proportions, percentages, and order of operations. Chapter II focuses on…

This study explored how social comparative information and specific, proximal goals influence children's skillful performance and percepts of self-efficacy in the context of arithmetic competency development. A total of 40 fourth and fifth graders, identified as low-achieving in arithmetic, received instruction in division along with practice…

Research recurrently indicates that children who have difficulty with arithmetic often use systematic routines that yield wrong answers. Recent research has focused less on identifying the most common errors among groups of children and more on analyzing individual children's errors. This paper considers the source of systematic errors in…

The relation of knowledge for solving problems to understanding of general principles in a subject-matter domain is discussed. Theoretical representations, called "conceptual competence," are presented to represent principles that are believed to be understood implicitly by individuals. Implications for problem-solving procedures can be…

Nationwide attention should increasingly be focused on the failure of schools to ensure that all their students adequately learn the basic skills of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Indepth legal and social science research with respect to remedies for this situation should be undertaken as a priority. (Author/DN)

In the fall of 1966, the School Mathematics Study Group embarked upon a four-year longitudinal study of mathematical learning in the primary grades, the Elementary Mathematics Project (ELMA). The primary purpose of the study was to assess children's progress in learning particular mathematical ideas during the beginning school years. This volume…

This is the Teacher's Commentary for Mathematics for the Elementary School, Book 1 (Part 2), Special Edition. The writers have relied on the existing SMSG kindergarten and first grade materials as a framework. This special edition is designed to meet the needs of disadvantaged children. Included in the Commentary are background information for the…

The purpose of this text is to help elementary school teachers achieve balance in the teaching of mathematics. Children must acquire (1) computational skills, (2) conceptual ideas, and (3) knowledge of applications of mathematics. The text provides reading materials for the teacher as well as problems and exercises to help fix the ideas in mind.…

This book is for boys and girls who know the numbers from one to thirty thoroughly, who can count to one thousand, who know something of the multiplication tables of two, three, four, five, six, ten, and twelve, and who understand the simplest facts about fractions. This book is both to be read and to be studied. It calls for oral recitation and…

Research performed pursuant to Contract No. 4368-10 with the National Institute of Health, Public Health Service.