Presented is an activity which examines an arithmetic concept from a geometric point of view. Objectives, prerequisite learning, and procedures are discussed. Four worksheets are provided with answers. (CW)

Activities that illustrate a problem-solving approach to teaching grouping symbols, such as parentheses and brackets, are described. Suggested exercises, answers to those exercises, and variations of this activity are included. (KR)

This article offers multiplication fact memorization training techniques that have been successfully used with students with learning disabilities in resource room and clinical settings. Techniques include organizing the facts, using finger multiplication, visual mnemonic flashcards, and musical reinforcement. (DB)

Examined the effects of stress related to a competitive arithmetic test on a group of 301 children and young adults in 7 age cohorts ranging from 7 to 20 years by measuring changes in heart rate. Discovered some age and sex differences, and found that the oldest group had the greatest increase in heart rate. (MDM)

Discussion of limiting response time for students' answers focuses on a study of Israeli elementary students that investigated the effects on their performance of increasing the response time in computer-assisted instruction (CAI) for arithmetic drill and practice. Effects on high- versus low-aptitude students, and younger versus older, are…

In two parallel one-year studies, solution strategies for subtraction number facts and achievement patterns of matched groups of first graders in two different instructional programs were examined. Significant differences between groups were found favoring the strategy approach. (Author/CW)

Six elementary-age children with learning disabilities were found to learn subtraction facts more rapidly when a rule teaching and correction strategy was employed, compared to learning facts by rote. A study of generalization of rule usage found that the two children studied did generalize the strategy to an additional problem. (Author/JDD)

Freudenthal was the founder of realistic mathematics education, in which reality serves as a source of applications and learning. Takes a newspaper article about reproducing a Van Gogh painting using plants in a field to exemplify a rich context problem containing elements of all areas of elementary school mathematics. (MDH)

Reports on the findings obtained from teaching initial multiplication concepts, skills, and principles to students with disabilities, low-achieving students, and students who were achieving normally in inclusive, general-education settings. Contains 52 references. (ASK)

Presents results of a study of the development of early mathematical competence related to counting among young poor arithmetic achievers in the four- to seven-year age group. An Additional Early Mathematics program was offered to students scoring below a criterium with either guiding instruction or structured instruction. (Author/LRW)

Studied relations among children's short-term memory, working memory, inhibitory control, and arithmetic word-problem solving. Found that poor problem solvers had lower scores and made more intrusion errors in working memory tasks requiring inhibition of irrelevant information than good problem solvers. Findings indicated that performance relates…

This article describes an activity that, on the surface, engages the students in basic skill review. Its ultimate goal is to cause students to make conjectures, seek to justify those conjectures, and to think mathematically. (Contains 3 figures.)

Cross-cultural studies on mathematical cognition and education have suggested that curriculum and teaching have contributed to U.S. versus Asian differences in student performance; however, previous discussions of curriculum and teaching practices have been very general and have not focused on a detailed analysis of how mathematics concepts are…

The United States Military Academy (USMA) has a four course core mathematics curriculum that is studied by all students. The third course is MA205, Calculus II; a multivariate calculus course filled with practical applications. During a Problem Solving Lab (PSL), students participated in a hands-on exercise with multiple vector operations,…

This article focuses on the kinds of conceptual changes that occur when students have to deal with negative numbers in elementary algebraic operations. Interviews were carried out with twelve 8th-grade level students who were selected on the basis of their results in a test where they were required to reduce polynomials. The questions applied to…