The project was aimed at developing literacy teachers for the first phase of a literacy program sponsored by UNESCO in Tanzania. Some 204 volunteer literacy teachers were trained to teach in four pilot areas: Busega, Nansimo, Negezi, and Ihangiro. The focus of the project was to give cash crop farmers basic skills in reading, writing, and…

This annotated bibliography contains 13 bibliographies; 53 teaching guides and other reference works; four professional journals; nine information sources (agencies and organizations) for teachers and administrators; eight tests; 53 student textbooks stressing oral and written communication; 31 textbooks or series on reading; two series for…

Introduced by background information on all exceptionalities, the educational guide presents a general curriculum for use with the educable mentally retarded on a beginning and intermediate level. Areas of concern are language arts, arithmetic skills, social skills, and vocational information. The guide presents suggestions for games, specific…

Entries in this selected annotated bibliography of instructional literacy materials are divided among three stages of prevocational or adult basic education: (1) the introductory stage (readability levels 1-3); (2) the elementary stage (Levels 4-6; (3) the intermediate stage (levels 7-9). Areas covered include English as a second language,…

This book is a synthesis of the work and discussions of a Unesco conference that examined the problems concerning the structure and functioning of community schools in developing countries. Participants worked in four groups studying respectively the position of the teacher in relation to the community, the means he should employ to obtain the…

An investigation was made of the relationship of achievement marks assigned by teachers to elementary grade, lower socioeconomic status boys and girls to pupils' (1) racial background, (2) sex, (3) intelligence quotient, and (4) tested achievement. Teacher marking procedures were studied. The rationale was to inquire whether or not characteristics…

This document is an English-language abstract (approximately 1,500 words) of an analysis of tests given to newly enrolled first graders in Zagreb public schools. The analysis of the results of the investigation are presented into three sections: reading, mathematics, and social studies. The aim of the examination in the rudiments of literacy was…

Three underachieving fifth-graders were trained in a tutoring procedure to use a self-control package (self-scorecard with goal options and reinforcer menu) to increase arithmetic proficiency. All possible classes of generalization were evidenced. Social validity data showed that the children's arithmetic performance either surpassed or approached…

Description of a microcomputer-based instructional strategy used to adapt computer assisted instruction (CAI) to individual learners' needs highlights its use with elementary school arithmetic classes to solve work problems. Experiments with a control group that received conventional problems are described, and applications for undergraduate…

This action research study examined the effectiveness of Touch Math, a math series that emphasizes use of manipulatives, to improve mathematics achievement with four third or fourth grade students with special needs (either mild mental retardation, learning disability, or health impairment). The students received mathematics instruction for 45…

The availability of item response times made possible by computerized testing represents an entirely new type of information about test items. This study explores the issue of how to represent response-time information in item banks. Empirical response-time distribution functions can be fit with statistical distribution functions with known…

While the influence of individuals' participation in practices of economic subsistence on the development of mathematical knowledge has been widely reported in the literature, there are not as many studies about the relationship between cultural life and mathematical cognition in the context of recreational practices. This article reports a study…

Defines "skill-to-meaning" instruction. Describes research designed to determine the effectiveness of skill-to-meaning mathematics instruction for educable mentally handicapped children. Discusses educational implications of the study results and notes the benefits of meaning for handicapped children. (SB)

The main aims of this project were the identification of learning difficulties in 107 Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children, using six months of direct instruction in the Distar program. (BW)

Three experiments compared the effects of interspersal drill and practice using 30% new items/70% review items with 100% new items, with a total of 17 students (ages 9 to 17) having behavior disorders, emotional handicaps, learning disabilities, or mild mental retardation. The ratios were compared for instruction in spelling, multiplication facts,…