This study involved the development and experimental tryout of 22 lessons designed to teach 23 primary grade children a set of specific procedures, focusing on the drawing of meaningful diagrams, for analyzing and solving arithmetic story problems. Major dependent variables studied were gain on (1) a 20-item test on stories of the eight types…

The author describes a method by which parents can help their children learn basic addition facts by playing dominos. (SD)

Speed and accuracy in adding a colunm of one addend numbers directly down a column was compared to adding by looking for combinations which add to ten. Ninety-two fourth-grade subjects learned one of these two methods for one week and then learned the other method the following week. Using timed tests after each treatment, it was found that the…

This investigation sought to determine the effect of emphasizing mathematical structure in the acquisition of computational skills by seven- and eight-year-olds. The meaningful development-of-structure approach emphasized closure, commutativity, associativity, and the identity element of addition; the inverse relationship between addition and…

Interaction between pupils' cognitive styles and instructional method in effecting achievement was studied. The instructional variables were sequencing and use of manipulative materials. Ninety sixth-grade students were ranked on Sigel's Cognitive Style Test. The upper and lower 36 were defined as high and low analytic pupils, respectively. Nine…

Individual fifth grade classrooms in five schools of differing socioeconomic levels were used in a study to analyze the reaction of the school to the experimental format, the adequacy of the test instrument, and the differential effects of the experimental treatments. Students were instructed in one of two experimental addition algorithms,…

The relationship between children's performance in solving open sentences and the factors of sentence type, number size, and context was investigated. The study also identified and classified the methods of solution used. Thirty-two third graders were individually given an orally administered test on open sentences. Four types of open sentences…

Computational algorithms appearing in early American arithmetic text are discussed. (SD)

Allowing students to examine different ways of performing an operation is suggested as a means of increasing their understanding. (MP)

The method described here converts a given problem in a base other than ten to a related problem in base ten, solves the related problem in base ten, and converts the answer back to the original base. Limitations are discussed. (MP)

A mathematical card game, based on the actual card game, is described for providing practice with positive and negative numbers. (JT)

Developmental changes in 5- to 7-year-old children's mental representation of addition and subtraction events were examined by means of the response times required to answer more or less questions. (Author/JMB)

Fifty Brazilian children aged seven-13 were individually given addition and subtraction exercises. Counting was the preferred procedure, with use of school-taught algorithms limited. Some children decomposed numbers into tens and units and then worked at both levels. They rarely referred to previous results when doing related exercises. (MNS)