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Peer reviewedStaddon, J. E. R.; Reid, Alliston K. – Psychological Review, 1990
R. N. Shepard (1987) has proposed a universal exponential law of stimulus generalization, yet experimental data are often Gaussian in form. Theories have been proposed to reconcile the discrepancy, but as proposed here, a simple discrete diffusion process may underlie both types of gradient. (SLD)
Descriptors: Exponents (Mathematics), Generalization, Responses, Stimuli
Peer reviewedBauer, Patricia J.; Dow, Gina Annunziato – Developmental Psychology, 1994
In three experiments, infants enacted event sequences and one week later reenacted the sequences while using props that had replaced some of the props used in the first sequences or after selecting props functionally equivalent to the props used in the first sequences. These results demonstrated infants' spontaneous generalization and their…
Descriptors: Generalization, Infants, Recall (Psychology), Recognition (Psychology)
Peer reviewedArnold, L. Eugene; Chuang, Shirley; Davies, Mark; Abikoff, Howard B.; Conners, C. Keith; Elliott, Glen R.; Greenhill, Laurence L.; Hechtman, Lily; Hinshaw, Stephen P.; Hoza, Betsy; Jensen, Peter S.; Kraemer, Helena C.; Langworthy-Lam, Kristen S.; March, John S.; Newcorn, Jeffrey H.; Pelham, William E.; Severe, Joanne B.; Swanson, James M.; Vitiello, Benedetto; Wells, Karen C.; Wigal, Timothy – Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 2004
We examined 9-month data from the 14-month NIMH Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD (the MTA) as a further check on the relative effect of medication (MedMgt) and behavioral treatment (Beh) for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) while Beh was still being delivered at greater intensity than at 14-month endpoint, and…
Descriptors: Maintenance, Hyperactivity, Generalization, Attention Deficit Disorders
Peer reviewedRehfeldt, Ruth Anne; Root, Shannon – Psychological Record, 2004
The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the generalization and long-term retention of equivalence relations in individuals with mental retardation. To date, the generalization of equivalence relations to a range of novel stimuli has only been demonstrated among verbally competent adults. The responding of many individuals with mental…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Novels, Moderate Mental Retardation, Generalization
Direct linkEvers, Colin W.; Wu, Echo H. – Journal of Philosophy of Education, 2006
The aim of this paper is to explore the conditions under which generalisation from single case studies, in the sense of making inferences concerning a wider class of phenomena beyond a case, is reasonable. Two sets of conditions, in particular, provide the basis for our consideration of this issue. The first is an exploration of the impressive…
Descriptors: Epistemology, Case Studies, Observation, Inferences
Landa, Katrina G. – ProQuest LLC, 2009
This study investigated the effects of repeated readings on the reading abilities of 4, third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade English language learners (ELLs) with specific learning disabilities (SLD). A multiple baseline probe design across subjects was used to explore the effects of repeated readings on four dependent variables: reading fluency…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Reading Comprehension, Readability, Intervention
Romanova, Natalia – Heritage Language Journal, 2008
The goal of the study is to analyze the morphological processing of real and novel verb forms by heritage speakers of Russian in order to determine whether it differs from that of native (L1) speakers and second language (L2) learners; if so, how it is different; and which factors may guide the acquisition process. The experiment involved three…
Descriptors: Verbs, Morphology (Languages), Probability, Russian
Download full textSaddler, Bruce; Asaro, Kristie; Behforooz, Bita – Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, 2008
Constructing well-formed sentences is an important element of writing. However, many students struggle with this skill; in particular, writers with learning disability (LD). In this study sentence-combining practice with a peer-assistance component was used to improve the ability of four young students with LD to construct sentences and compose…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Elementary School Students, Writing Difficulties, Peer Teaching
Nist, Lindsay; Joseph, Laurice M. – School Psychology Review, 2008
This investigation built upon previous studies that compared effectiveness and efficiency among instructional methods. Instructional effectiveness and efficiency were compared among three conditions: an incremental rehearsal, a more challenging ratio of known to unknown interspersal word procedure, and a traditional drill and practice flashcard…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Reading Instruction, Word Recognition, Instructional Effectiveness
Peer reviewedMorrongiello, Barbara A.; Lasenby, Jennifer; Lee, Naomi – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2003
Two studies examined the impact of temporal synchrony on infants' learning of and memory for sight-sound pairs. Findings indicated that 7-month-olds had no difficulty learning auditory-visual pairs regardless of temporal synchrony, remembering them 10 minutes later and 1 week later. Three-month-olds showed poorer learning in no-synchrony than in…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Comparative Analysis, Cross Sectional Studies, Generalization
Davison, Michael; Krageloh, Christian U.; Fraser, Mhoyra; Breier, Bernhard H. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2007
Two groups of 10 male rats were trained to nose poke for food pellets at four alternatives that provided differing rates of pellet delivery on aperiodic schedules. After a fixed number of pellets had been delivered, 5, 10 or 20 in different conditions of the experiment, a 10-s blackout occurred, and the locations of the differing rates of pellet…
Descriptors: Pregnancy, Computation, Nutrition, Mothers
Sunker, Heinz; Swiderek, Thomas – Policy Futures in Education, 2007
Conditions of children's political socialisation and education have more than ever in the last 40 years to deal with questions of social inclusion and exclusion. This is a result of social cleavages which are pertinent for children's lives and experiences. This article deals with this question while favouring an approach which shows that a…
Descriptors: Democracy, Community Action, Childrens Rights, Children
Cihak, David F.; Kessler, Kelby B.; Alberto, Paul A. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2007
This study determined the effectiveness of a commercially produced handheld computer, as a prompting system in facilitating the generalization and increasing the probability of long-term maintenance of vocational skills by adolescents with moderate intellectual disabilities. Four students successfully used the system in learning a task and then…
Descriptors: Prompting, Mental Retardation, Computers, Generalization
Behrens, Kazuko Y.; Hesse, Erik; Main, Mary – Developmental Psychology, 2007
Following a 1986 study reporting a predominance of ambivalent attachment among insecure Sapporo infants, the generalizability of attachment theory and methodologies to Japanese samples has been questioned. In this 2nd study of Sapporo mother-child dyads (N = 43), the authors examined attachment distributions for both (a) child, based on M. Main…
Descriptors: Mothers, Attachment Behavior, Classification, Foreign Countries
Boyd, Brian A.; Conroy, Maureen A.; Mancil, G. Richmond; Nakao, Taketo; Alter, Peter J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
This study compared the effects of circumscribed interests (CI) to less preferred (LP) tangible stimuli on the social behaviors of three children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Based on single subject design methodology, the CI experimental sessions resulted in longer durations of target-child initiated social interactions in comparison to…
Descriptors: Social Behavior, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Interests, Stimuli
