Pursues three goals: (1) to study developmental trends of cognitive functions across different age groups of Finnish students; (2) to identify distinct cognitive subgroups and profiles among students; and (3) to compare cognitive styles of normal and language-impaired (dysphasic) students. Reports and interprets findings in terms of the PASS…

Discusses the roots of the tea ceremony, which began in China, but flourished in Japan by way of Zen Buddhist faith. Describes four principles of the tea ceremony--harmony, respect, purity, and tranquility--each of which may be linked to professional and personal goals of outdoor education. (CDS)

Empowerment is a multidimensional social process that helps people develop power to use in their lives, communities, and society. The Connecticut People Empowering People program builds on the theory of critical adult education to develop skills and supports for empowerment. (SK)

An instrument to assess how successful a youth organization is in developing individuals was tested. Louisiana 4-H members (n=132) agreed that the instrument items reflected the concept of a "worthy youth organization." They felt that their 4-H program was highly successful and, in fact, was significantly better than the benchmark on…

Presents four dimensions of a model of global education: inner, temporal, spatial, and issues related. Outlines key ideas, knowledge, skills, and attitudes for each dimension. Describes learning and teaching in the global classroom. (SK)

Arts educators can learn the following from persons who have pursued spirituality and mysticism: awareness of the limits of the human condition, the necessity of metaphor to describe the ineffable, recognition that we are all potentially artists and mystics, and the call to active life in the world. (SK)

In the discourse of learner self-management, learners must take responsibility for learning and are offered the possibility of individual autonomy and control. A critical perspective reveals that environmental constraints inhibit the success of technical-rational self-management techniques. An alternative view is the entrepreneurial self, a…

Bibliotherapy is presented as a strategy for cocreating therapeutic metaphors with clients. The use of these metaphors for promoting both first and second order change is enhanced when the metaphor is processed using Developmental Counseling and Therapy (DCT). Case examples are included to illustrate the combined use of these techniques. (Author)

Finds developmentally based systematic age changes in four of six persuasive-message practices in middle childhood: creating consensus about a problem, advocating a proposal, motivating the other to act, and building the other's self-concept. Notes that these age effects reflect children's evolving views about communication and messages as they…

Discusses the Montessori method. Evolves a new vision of the school based on Montessori principles and addresses the anxieties felt during times of transition as part of the natural growth process. Claims that these transitions are cyclical, and affect more than just the children--they also create concern for teachers, parents, and administrators.…

Responds to William Sears's article: "Attachment Parenting: A Style That Works" (PS 523 690). Claims that there are alternatives to "attachment parenting" based on the Montessori philosophy, pointing out that Sears's suggestion of sleeping with the baby and carrying the baby in a sling may easily become obstacles in the path of…

Alumni of 4-H animal science programs in New Jersey were surveyed (n=52). Participation had a positive influence on life skill development, especially "accepting responsibility." Experience with shows and judging was beneficial to public speaking/job interview skills. Although many were not in animal science careers, they enjoyed related…

All elementary schools should introduce five fundamental concepts to help students develop greater insight into human diversity. Students must comprehend the significance of individuality and group identity, learn the difference between subjective and objective culture, appreciate people's similarities and differences, understand multiple…

Across cultures, a common motif is the rite of passage that facilitates transition to adulthood. The structure of an Outward Bound course parallels a classic adolescent initiation rite, involving separation from home and family, influence of a guide or instructor, group adventure in which participants increasingly take responsibility, a solo…

A family of finite mixture distribution models is presented that allows specification of basically different developmental processes in distinct latent subpopulations. These models are introduced within the framework of mixed latent Markov chains with multiple indicators per occasion, and they are illustrated with empirical data on therapeutic…