Two studies of classification strategies of three and five year olds and adults found that five year olds and adults used different sorting strategies for each of two sorting tasks, whereas three year olds relied on the same strategy for both. Children most successful in producing correct groupings were most likely to modify their strategies…

An instrument administered to 3,437 Iowa high school students measured their perceptions of personal development and leadership skills. Of the 10 scales, cooperation, citizenship, self-confidence, and personal development were rated highest; group drive, group productivity, and group achievement lowest. Officers in student organizations rated the…

Examined effects of a structured learning time interval (SLTI) in growth groups on member self-esteem, perceived level of group interaction, and verbal participation in 81 undergraduate college students. Found use of SLTI had no significant effect on self-esteem, perceived interaction, or verbal participation. (Author/ABL)

A number of research disciplines have contributed to an emerging picture of creative individuals, processes, and achievements. Contributions to a science of creativity are reviewed, focusing on the psychometric approach, cognitive approaches, studies of personality and motivation, sociological and historiometric investigations, and neurobiological…

Comprehensive advising in college is a logical place to begin the process of life planning. The approach results in education that is both liberating and holistic. It requires student development personnel with academic credentials, active faculty support, active student participation, and development of appropriate tools and processes. (MSE)

One teacher's method of teaching at-risk middle school students is the phenomenological platform, a powerful theme for becoming. The process involves exploring real-life situations, considering community and world problems and solutions, and translating this into action. (JOW)

Contends it is essential for White counselor trainees to explore their White identity and how racism is demonstrated in their personal and professional lives. Proposes a stage model as a diagnostic tool for assessing where one is in White identity development and where one has yet to go in combating racist behavior. (ABL)

Two studies tested three- and five-year-old children's ability to use multiple-referent and inclusion strategies to interpret new words. In both studies, children interpreted labels for single objects at the basic level. The multiple-referent and inclusion strategies led children to interpret novel words at the superordinate level. (RH)

Over 600 White females between 10.5 and 18.5 years of age were studied to test construct comparability across adolescence. Assessed were emotional functioning, eating problems, self-reflection, self-image, and mastery/adjustment to examine meaning equivalence in self-concepts and developmental psychopathology. Results suggest that the five factors…

This study evaluated a mentorship program which involved classroom instruction and actual mentorship experiences for gifted juniors and seniors. A survey of 103 former mentorship students found that the students derived numerous benefits from the mentorship program in the areas of personal, academic, and career development. (JDD)

Two studies that avoided methodological problems associated with inconclusive previous reports found that 6-year-olds had less reliable feeling-of-knowing (FOK) judgments but greater FOK accuracy than did 10- or 18-year-olds. Moreover, 18- and 70-year- olds had equally reliable FOK judgments and equivalent FOK accuracy. (RH)

This article examines the influence of three groups who have shaped our present concept of adventure programs: educators, philosophers, and mountaineers. Associated cultural antecedents of adventure recreation are briefly presented. (IAH)

Discusses deliberate psychological education as influenced by George Miller, Ralph Mosher, and Norm Sprinthall, and renewed calls for educational reform focusing on moral education. (JBJ)

Provides a basis from which to critically examine contemporary identity research, by offering a definition of identity, a constructive criticism of the subject approach, and an empirical approach to studying sense of identity. The empirical approach is based on conceptually sound ideas and leads to important questions about identity modes and the…

The long-term impact of study abroad experiences was investigated in 27 nursing graduates. Although the impact decreased over time, respondents reported enhanced international perspective and increased personal development. Longer programs (12-16 weeks) had higher long-term impact. Lower impact was reported in professional and intellectual…