Most youth require social stimulation to reinforce their motivation to learn. In order to give students undergoing programed instruction the chance to interact with others, it is recommended that periodic small group discussions of the curriculum content should be h held. (CK)

The present study was aimed at developing a method for the transformation of Bender performance into scaled score equivalents and at testing the validity of such scaled score equivalents. The use of scaled scores permits a more direct comparison between Bender performance and performance on measures of intellectual ability. (Author)

Study evidence does not support familiar assumptions of deficiencies in intelligence, personality and value development, resulting because young children were separated from their natural mothers and given many years of institutional care. This paper was presented at the 45th annual meeting of the American Orthopsychiatric Association, Chicago,…

"This investigation sought to determine curricular and background correlates of growth in ability during college. In contrast to previous studies, the results suggest differences in predicted growth between the sexes. (Author/AP)

From a study of 13 gifted adolescents, two cases provide support for the concept of a special motivation associated with breadth and depth of intellectual competency, evenness of functioning across modalities, consistency in ratings of personality characteristics, and specificity of personality profile characteristics. (SB)

Essays discussing the influence of change upon the lives of English and Papua-New Guinean adolescents were analyzed. Younger adolescents saw change in relation to their own lives as immediate, direct, and brief. As age increased, so did the ability to view change comprehensively and to understand the change-stability cycle. (Author/SK)

The author examines critical features of a life span developmental orientation. From results of research demonstrating that the intellectual functioning of older adults can be modified and improved, she presents implications for adult education. (SK)

Cautions against underestimating children's intelligence and describes the development of the award winning book, "Building: The Fight against Gravity." (MKM)

Looks at such areas as the reasons some gifted succeed and others don't, the emphasis on the process models of giftedness, and the problems of identifying and evaluating the gifted. (IRT)

If the basics are used as vehicles for teaching students to think, for developing their intellectual powers, and hence for preparing them effectively for their futures, they merit their central position in the schools. (Author)

Utilizing data from the WISC-R standardization sample, Gutkin presented formulae to calculate factorially pure verbal comprehension, perceptual organization, and freedom from distractibility deviation quotients. Data are presented concerning standard errors of measurement and score discrepancies that are required for statistical significance…

Presents initial data from 725 college and university students on the construct validity of the Learning Environmental Preferences (LEP) instrument. Findings suggest that the LEP accurately measures the cognitive portion of the Perry scheme of intellectual development. (Author/TE)

What disturbs teachers most is not students' ignorance about our culture and history, but their unwillingness or inability to think critically about subjects that ostensibly interest them. Teachers often exacerbate this problem by oversimplifying complex issues, using "defensive" or controlling teaching strategies, and squelching debate.…

Reflects on the origins and development of the author's thinking about the nature of writing and the relationship between writing and cognition. Recounts efforts to understand the effects of writing on cognition. Revises an earlier contention that literacy represents a form of cultural progress in favor of a more cautious view of writing as an…