Efficient search of items in a store of information, such as books in a library, abstracts of articles, information in a computer data bank or the like, requires that the items most closely connected in content be close together, in order that a person looking for some particular information may concentrate his search on as small a part of the…

This paper presents a model for learning a second language developed on the basis of existing models for taxonomies of learning objectives. Three interrelated domains of language learning are examined: (1) the affective domain (willing), (2) the cognitive domain (thinking), and (3) the psychomotor domain (doing). An attempt is made to develop a…

Secondary education in the United Kingdom is gradually being reorganized along "comprehensive" lines, although there is still resistance to it. Stemming from the Butler Education Act of 1944, a tripartite secondary system emerged, comprised of the grammar (for superior students), the technical (for average and above average students),…

DATA ABOUT TRANSFER OF TRAINING AS BOTH A PSYCHOLOGICAL AND AN EDUCATIONAL PROCESS WERE CONSOLIDATED AND EVALUATED. THIS DOCUMENT (SECTION I OF A FINAL REPORT) PROVIDES A SUMMARY OF APPROXIMATELY 1,700 ARTICLES IN THE LITERATURE UNDER THE AUTHOR'S TAXONOMIC SYSTEM WHICH IS UNDER DEVELOPMENT. THE PURPOSE OF THIS SUMMARY IS TO FACILITATE THE PROCESS…

A distinction is made between reliability of measurement and reliability of classification; the "criterion-referenced reliability coefficient" describes the former. Application of this coefficient to the probability distribution of possible scores for a single student yields a meaningful way to describe the reliability of a single score. (Author)

Seven-slide series produced by the Diafilm Studio are discussed as they are used as demonstration material for teaching students detailed familiarity with the morphology of the plants in given families and with the variety of their representatives. (Author/ND)

The variety of syntactic forms for expression of directives is commented on. Data has been collected investigating the empirical distribution of formal variants across social features and predictability of the form of a directive if social features of its context are known. (Author/RM)

To explore the preventive efficacy of training in coping and social skills, 121 high school students were assigned to four risk classifications, assessed by measures of psychological vulnerability and environmental adversity. (Author)

Illustrating the way in which poorly posed questions may adversely affect class participation and learning, this article presents examples of classroom questions that have been classified and analyzed; components of hierarchical questioning strategies; and methods for using questions to stimulate thinking and enhance classroom learning. (Author/JC)

A heterogeneous sixth grade class was divided into six competitive teams. Team members' individual grades were averaged to determine the day's winning team, which was rewarded with special privileges. Student enthusiasm and achievement improved. (SJL)

After a brief discussion of the types and kinds of tests, this paper surveys the use of tests in tracking minority students, test fairness, tests as predictors of school success, and ability grouping. (Author/AM)

Authors of the taxonomy made various claims about its properties that concern both educational and psychological issues; these claims have stimulated investigations of the taxonomy's validity. As the taxonomy is now entering its twenty-second year, this review attempts to survey these investigations and appraise the findings. (Author/CP)

Examines conditions which predipose group members to seek redress for a perceived injustice by forming an alliance against a group leader. Predicts that: (1) coalition attempts will be more frequent in unfair cases than in fair ones; (2) members of a revolutionary coalition will attempt to restore equity under specified conditions; and (3)…

Cluster analysis of nine dimensions of the social environments of 200 junior high and high school classrooms yielded five distinct types of classes: control oriented, innovation oriented, affiliation oriented, task oriented, and competition oriented. The clusters showed systematic differences in student satisfaction and mood, and in teacher…

The distinctive patterns of personal and career incentives of faculty affiliated with different types of colleges and universities reaffirms the centrality of organizational diversity to informed descriptions of American higher education. A refinement of the Carnegie Commission typology is offered to aid in the systematic study of organizational…