Presents vignettes of everyday situations to describe how children are affected by violence and what early childhood teachers can do to create a peaceable classroom environment. Notes how teachers should outline for the class a safety rule that emphasizes the need for everyone to feel safe. Also discusses other teacher-directed safety strategies.…

Public policy programs at universities are continuing to define and defend their institutional niche, influenced by new quantitative approaches of cost-benefit analysis and more analytic decision making. At least 50 institutions offer master's programs in public policy leading to jobs in government and industry. (DB)

Defines assessment as finding out where the problems are in a program for the purpose of eliminating them. Presents a method for developing a formal assessment plan in history including principles of assessment, program goals, and objectives. Suggests determining what is already done and what further assessment methods are desired. (DK)

Thirty-six professors in six matched pure and applied fields of study were interviewed to determine validation processes and truth criteria used in their disciplines. Results suggest that different fields operate according to different rules. Teaching students these rules and how they affect learning is an important role of instruction. (SLD)

Middle school teachers can avoid most discipline problems by creating positive relationships with students that are built on mutual respect and dignity. Stimulating instruction that actively involves students in learning is another deterrent to misbehavior. Effective teachers communicate their expectations regarding rules and consequences. (seven…

Differences in the comprehension and interpretation of historical texts are discussed for eight high school students and eight historians. The sources of differences in the two groups and their epistemological stances are analyzed. Implications for reading comprehension and the place of history in the school curriculum are discussed. (SLD)

The main factor in determining the seriousness of offensive speech should not be the group that is offended, but whether harassment or discrimination, legally defined, results. Colleges have an obligation to teach students how to analyze the surrounding society and determine how their actions reflect and are reflected in that society. (MSE)

Discusses a study of the political science major within the liberal arts curriculum. Urges that a major should have structure and coherence. Emphasizes the major as an area for in-depth training, not bureaucratic convenience. Suggests that the American Political Science Association foster more connections to other fields and assessment of…

Advocates teaching social skills and nurturing moral development to guide children toward positive social behavior and moral understanding. Recommends applying the same patience to teaching the social process as is applied to the teaching of the writing process. Argues against isolating children through the overuse of punishment. (SM)

Evaluation activities in China are examined, focusing on housing reform. How evaluation functions in justifying the political initiatives of the Chinese Communist Party is explored, and the possibility that evaluation research can become an academic field in China using Western methodology is discussed. (SLD)

Comparison of child abuse histories and home environments of adult males (n=29) referred for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their non-ADHD brothers found that the two groups did not differ in their reporting of physical punishment, discipline, parental rejection, positive parental contact, or general perception of the home…

Integration of knowledge is as critical to understanding as is new knowledge. Specialization requires new forms of integration. Graduate programs should teach future faculty to synthesize, seek new relationships between parts and whole, relate past to future and present, and find patterns of meaning not seen through traditional disciplinary…

The paper presents the view that many Australian students excluded from school for disruptive behavior may require special services on the basis of a disabling condition. Descriptive data for 124 students (ages 10-17) and a case study are presented to support this position, along with discussion of legal and service delivery implications…

The 28 institutions currently sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association for violation of association regulations are listed. For each institution, the specific violations and penalties are noted. Violations are largely in recruitment, financial aid, benefits to athletes, and program administration and penalties are in competition,…

Describes experience working with a second-grade Native American male identified as a bully. Author used classroom and individual interventions and communicated with the child's parents, principal, teacher, and other school personnel. Suggests that problem children need courageous advocacy to succeed. (MKA)